The Sociology of Philosophies

Delphi. The Gnostics, although nontraditional in doctrine and elitist in member- ship, shared this traditional organization styl ...

Han Fei Tzu mentions eight schools (Han Fei Tzu, [sect. 50], 1964: 118), Hsün Tzu mentions 5 major schools of Confucian ju (sch ...

The Canons refute positions of all the rival schools, including the Five Agents of Tsou Yen, but do not mention doctrines of th ...

for example, memorized the Tao Te Ching but gave it a vulgar interpretation. “‘The Tao that can be Tao’d,’ this is to eat good t ...

and west, where overseas trade gave an alternative basis for state revenues. The importance of this pattern for state-building i ...

chapters in the midst of Brahmanas and Aranyakas, or expanded from such texts, while others were added later. Most of them origi ...

narrator then tells us at the end of the chapter that the interlocutors talked of karma. This may be a late interpolation, since ...

intellectual “investigation of things” (Neo-Confucians), or analysis of concepts into emptiness (Buddhists); koan paradoxes, som ...

Manu Smriti 2:3. In contrast, ca. 150 b.c.e. Panini’s grammar (4:6) had merely defined nastika as a non-believer in the other w ...

Indian Sequence” (pages 818–826). There is no overall narrative history of Indian philosophy as a sequence of ongoing arguments; ...

the tantric Yoga cult that became popular after 800 c.e., the naked woman who copulates with the yogi (in inner visualization or ...

itself, and even the most able actor cannot climb on his own shoulder” (Brahma- sutra-bhasya 3.3.54). Shankara also takes over P ...

Contacts and debates with Advaitins resulted in identifying the pan-energy cult with metaphysical monism. A variant on this posi ...

See 251–253 in the key to Figure 5.5; and Raju (1985: 61). Potter (1976: 252–254). This pattern is particularly prominent in mo ...

populace when he returned to Ch’ang-an. Earlier, the translator Kumarajiva was reputed to be a great magician, and was even forc ...

This effort to rewrite the Confucian lineage is reminiscent of Shen-hui’s claims for an esoteric lineage which were announced a ...

1977; Harootunian, 1989; CHJ, 1988: chap. 14). Not listed are persons who receive less than a minimal amount of citation in thes ...

visibly dying tradition. Genealogical documents of lines of succession were pre- served in monasteries as precious treasures. E ...

market was asphyxiated by governmental regulation, confined to local exchanges which never regained the dynamic of rationalized ...

feet were dancing” (Dumoulin, 1990: 408). The account is from a Zen master of the mid-1800s. Preston’s (1988) ethnography of a ...