36 The Economist February 26th 2022
Asia
SouthKorea
K-popular
J
udged against his own high standards
Moon Jaein, South Korea’s outgoing
president, is a failure. He took office in May
2017 in a snap election after Park Geunhye,
his predecessor, had been jailed for corrup
tion and abuse of power. There had been
months of protests against Ms Park and the
discredited political class; Mr Moon cam
paigned on a platform of social, political
and economic renewal. He promised to
end the cosy links between politics and big
business and create an egalitarian econ
omy. He would move the president’s office
from the leafy outskirts to central Seoul, be
in constant dialogue with citizens and end
selfdealing and partisan strife. Moreover,
he would bring an era of peace to the Kore
an peninsula by making overtures to Kim
Jong Un, North Korea’s dictator.
With just over two months left of Mr
Moon’s single fiveyear term, none of this
has come to pass. The president remains
ensconced in his palace in Seoul’s north
ern hills. He has pardoned Ms Park and pa
roled Lee Jaeyong, the heir of the Samsung
empire, from whom she accepted bribes.
Other leaders of conglomerates have been
reassured of their firms’ central place in
the economy. Ordinary citizens are strug
gling with unaffordable housing and a
continuing shortage of jobs for the young.
Partisan squabbling and mudslinging en
dure; indeed, they dominate the campaign
to elect Mr Moon’s successor. North Korea,
meanwhile, has expanded its arsenal of
missiles and nuclear warheads and blown
up the NorthSouth liaison office in the de
militarised zone between the two Koreas.
Yet when it comes to how Mr Moon is
likely to be remembered, all this may mat
ter less than it first appears to. South Korea
has weathered the covid19 pandemic
more successfully than any other rich
country, at least partly thanks to his gov
ernment. Mr Moon’s tenure also coincided
with a huge jump in South Korea’s global
cultural clout. And he has, in a quiet way,
strengthened his country’s stillyoung de
mocracy and begun to make life a little less
stressful for its people. All that explains
why he is likely to leave office as the most
popular president in South Korea’s demo
cratic history. Depending on the pollster
and the type of survey, between twofifths
and just under half of all voters say they ap
prove of the president, though less than a
third say the same of his party.
Mr Moon is likely to be remembered
chiefly for the way he shepherded South
Korea through the pandemic.Although it
is currently suffering a surge in covid19
infections from the Omicron variant, it
still has the secondlowest number (after
New Zealand) of confirmed deaths from
the disease relative to population of any
country in the oecd, a club mostly of rich
countries. Two years in, South Koreans are
chafing under ongoing curfews and social
distancing rules, but they have not had to
endure lockdowns or overwhelmed hospi
tals. Nor has the country’s economy suf
fered on the same scale as much of the
world. gdpreturned to prepandemic lev
els early last year, grew by 4% in 2021 and is
predicted to grow by 3% in 2022.
That was not Mr Moon’s achievement
alone. Reforms to publichealth systems
after a disastrous outbreak of mersin 2015
help explain the bureaucracy’s nimble re
sponse to the pandemic. South Korea set
up testing, tracing and isolation systems
much faster than other rich countries. It
S EOUL
Moon Jaein leaves office the most popular president of the democratic era
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