762 IndexPhenol oxidation, 71
Phenolases, 73
Phenoloxidase, 71
Phenylethanol, 667
Phenylethyl acetate, 7, 8
Phenylketouria (PKU), 157
Phenylpyruvate, 667
Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), 90–92
Phosphoglucomutase, 382
Phospholipase, 390. SeeLipases
Phospholipids, 50, 299, 307, 318, 327–328, 389, 618
Phosphorylation, 158
Phospho--galactosidase (lactase), 5. See alsoLactase
pH-stat methods, 171
Phytase, 19, 625
Phytic acid, 43–44, 625
Phytoene, 37
desaturase (crtIgene), 37, 56
synthase (psygene), 37
Phytyl diphosphate (PDP), 41
Pickled (marinated) fish, 370
Pigment analysis, 31
anthocyanins, 31
betaines, 32
carotenoids, 31
chlorophylls, 31
high performance liquid chromatography, 31
lipid soluble pigments, 31
reverse-phase chromatography, 31
water soluble pigments, 31
pKa, 165
Plant promoters,
35S CaMV promoter, 37–39, 41–42, 45, 47
maize ubiquitin (Ub) promoter, 39
rice glutelin (GluB-1) promoter, 43
rice glutelin (Gt1) promoter, 37, 45
shrunken 2 (Sh2) promoter, 39
starch synthase promoter, 45
Plasmids, 191, 195, 196, 206
Plasmin, 10, 605–606
Poikilotherme, 380
Polar molecule, 106, 121
hydrophilic substance, 121
Polarographic methods, 171
Polygalacturonase, 275, 493
food processing, 278
genetic engineering, 277, 278
high pressure inactivation, 284
thermal inactivation, 283
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 719–726
Polypeptide, 157
Polyphenol oxidase, 18, 71–78, 85, 87
browning, 18
Polyunsaturated fatty acids, 88
Porridge, 624Post-translational modifications, 192, 193, 195
Potato, 72, 75, 82, 85, 253
Potrykus, I., 37
Poultry, 291, 315
PPO. SeePolyphenol oxidase
Prawn, 390
Pressing, 604
Primary sequence, 156
Prion proteins (PrP), 60–61
PrPc, 60–61
PrPSc, 60–61
Probiotic bacteria, 612, 635–636
Processing, 537, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 545, 547,
549, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554
blanching, 537, 539,541, 542, 543
canning, 537, 539, 541, 543, 544, 553
comminution, 537, 545, 546
cutting, 537, 541, 542, 544, 552
deaeration, 537, 545, 546
exhausting, 537, 541, 544
extraction, 537, 545, 546
filling, 537, 541, 544
grading, 537, 541, 542, 544, 551
homogenization, 537, 545, 546
inspection, 537, 544
operations, 537, 541, 544, 551
peeling, 537, 541, 542, 544, 550, 551
preprocessing, 537, 541
procedure, 537, 543
salting, 537, 545, 546
sorting, 537, 541, 542, 544, 545, 550, 551
trimming, 537, 539, 542, 544, 545
washing, 537, 539, 541, 542, 544, 545, 550, 551
Production of
ammonia from trimethylamine and its N-oxide, 17
ammonia from urea, 18
biogenic amines, 17
formaldehyde from trimethylamine and its N-oxide, 17
starch sugars, 7
starch syrups, 7
Prolamin, 574, 577
Proline, 629
Propanol, 666, 667
Propionibacteria, 606
Prosthetic groups, 157, 185
Protease, 575, 577, 579–580
aminopeptidase, 579
aspartic protease, 575, 579–580
carboxypeptidase, 579
cysteine protease, 575, 579–580
endoprotease, 579
exoprotease, 579
inhibitor, 575, 579–580
serpins, 580
subtilisin inhibitor, 580INDEX_Hui_277065 11/1/05 11:12 AM Page 762