3. MORPHOLOGY
(a) The present tense forms of haonaa hona: agree with their subjects in
number and person.
Person Singular Plural
1 st hUÐM hũ: hOM h ́~
2 nd (intimate) hO h ́ hao ho
2 nd (polite) hOM h ́~ hOM h ́~
3 rd hO h ́ hOM h ́~
maOM hUÐ m ́~ hũ: I am hma hOM ham h ́~ we are
tU hO tu: h ́ you are tuma hao tum ho you are
Aap hOM a:p h ́~ you are vah hO vah h ́ he/she is
vao hOM ve h ́~ (s)he is/ they are
(b) The past tense forms of haonaa hona: agree with their subjects in
gender and number.
Masculine Feminine
Sg Pl Sg Pl
qaa tha: qao the qaI thi: qaIM thĩ:
maOM qaa/qaI m ́~ tha:/thi: I was
vah qaa/qaI vah tha:/thi: he/she was
tU qaa/qaI tu: tha:/thi: you were
hma/ tuma/ Aap/ yao/ vao qao. ham/tum/a:p/ye/ve the. we/you/she/they were
hma/ tuma/ Aap/ yao/ vao qaIM. ham/tum/a:p/ye/ve thĩ: we/you/she/they were
(c) The presumptive forms of the verb haonaa hona: agree with their
subjects in person, gender, and number.
Person Masculine Feminine
Sg Pl Sg Pl
1 st hUÐgaa hũ:ga: haoMgao hõge hUÐgaI hũ:gi: haoMgaI hõgi:
2 nd (intimate) haogaa hoga: haogao hoge haogaI hogi: haogaI hogi:
2 nd (hon sg/pl) haoMgao hõge haoMgao hõge haoMgaI hõgi: haoMgaI hõgi:
3 rd haogaa hoga: haoMgao hõge haogaI hogi: haoMgaI hõgi: