Modern Hindi Grammar - Indian Institute of Language Studies (IILS)

3. MORPHOLOGY

25. maOMnao Apnaa kama kr Dalaa.
    m ́~ne apna: ka:m kar da:la:.
    I-erg self’s work do threw
    I completed my work.

There are verbal phrases in which there are two or more inflexible
verbs, such as pIta gayaa pi:ta gaya: ‘went on drinking,’ saunata rha sunta:
raha: ‘kept on listing,’ saaoyaa pD,a rha soya: para: raha: ‘remained
sleeping,’ calaa gayaa cala: gaya: ‘gone.’

26. vah saarI rat caaya pIta gayaa.
    vah sa:ri: ra:t ca:y pi:ta: gaya:.
    he all night tea drink-ptc went-ms
    He kept on drinking tea throughout the night.


27. vah maorI baat Qyaana sao saunata rha.
    vah meri: ba:t dhya:n se sunta: raha:.
    he my talk attention with listened-ptc remained-ms
    He kept on listening to my story with attention.


28. vah saara idna saaoyaa pD,a rha.
    vah sa:ra: din soya: para: raha:.
    he whole day slept fell remained-ms
    He kept on sleeping for the whole day.

3.4.3. Tense

Tense and aspect are major grammatical categories of the verbal
system in Hindi. There are three grammatical aspects: habitual,
progressive, and perfective. Each of them is expressed by marking
the verbal stems.

Hindi has six tenses: present, past, future, present perfect, habitual
past, and past perfect. The present tense represents an ongoing
action, a habitual, repeated or characteristic action, or simply
expresses a fact.

1. Amar Gar jaa rha hO.
   amar ghar ja: raha: h ́.
   Amar home go-prog is
   Amar is going home.