Modern Hindi Grammar - Indian Institute of Language Studies (IILS)

3. MORPHOLOGY

verbal activities.

3.4.7.2.1. Imperfective Participles

When used adjectivally, imperfective participles are formed by
adding the suffixes -ta -ta: (ms), -to -te (mp), -tI -ti (fs), and -tIM -tĩ:
(fp) that are made to agree with the noun in gender and number.
Adjectival imperfective participles are expanded with one of the
simple perfective forms of haonaa hona: ‘to be,’ like huAa hua: (ms), and
hue hue (p), and hu[- hui: (fs).

1. daOD,ta huAa AadmaI Ék gayaa.
   dørta: hua: a:dmi: ruk gaya:.
   run-imp.ptc be-ms man stop went
   The running man stopped.


2. daOD,to hue baccao Saaor kr rho hOM.
   dørte hue bacce šor kar rahe h ́.~
   run-imp.ptc be-mp children noise do-prog.asp are
   The running children are making noise.


3. calatI hu[- basa Ék ga[-.
   calti: hui: bas ruk gai:.
   move-imp.ptc-fs bus stop went
   The moving bus stopped.

When used adverbially, the suffix -to -te is added to the verb stem
and is followed by hue hue.

4. dF,tr sao laaOTto hue maOMnao fla KrIdo.
   daftar se løtte hue m ́~ne phal khari:de.
   office from return-while I-erg fruit bought
   I bought fruit while returning from the office.


5. baccao skUla jaato hue gaa rho qaoo.
   bacce sku:l ja:tee hue ga: rahe the.
   children school go-while sing-prog.asp were
   The children were singing songs while going to school.