3. MORPHOLOGY
(a) Aba ab + hI hi: = ABaI abhi: just now
tba tab + hI hi: = tBaI tabhi: just then
saba sab + hI hi: = saBaI sabhi: all, everybody
When hI hi: is preceded by pronouns in the oblique case, such as [sa
is, ]sa us, iksa kis, and ijasa jis, the h h is elided.
(b) [sa is + hI hi: = [saI isi: this very
]sa us + hI hi: = ]saI usi: that same
iksa kis + hI hi: = iksaI kisi: someone
hI jis + hI hi: = ijasaI jisi: the very one which
The h h is dropped when preceded by mauJa mujh, tuJa tujh, yah yah, vah
vah, or hma ham.
(c) mauJa mujh + hI hi: = mauJaI mujhi: me myself
tuJa tujh + hI hi: = tuJaI tujhi: you yourself
yah yah + hI hi: = yahI yahi: this itself
vah vah + hI hi: = vahI vahi: he himself
hma ham + hI hi: = hmaIM hamĩ: we ourselves
In certain cases, exclusiveness is dropped in the preceding word and
the final vowel is nasalized.
yahaÐ yahã: + hI hi: = yahIM yahĩ: at this very place
jahaÐ jahã: + hI hi: = hI jahIM jahĩ: wherever
vahaÐ vahã: + hI hi: = vahIM vahĩ: at that very place
khaÐ kahã: + hI hi: = khIM kahĩ: somewhere
The emphatic particle hI hi: is frequently used with different types of
pronouns. Its use with reflexive pronouns is quite interesting. Hindi
has only four reflexive pronouns: Aap a:p, its oblique forms Apnaa
apna: and Apnao apne, and a compound of these two Apnao Aap apne-a:p
‘by oneself’; Aapsa a:pas meaning ‘each other,’ or ‘one another.’
When Aap a:p is followed by hI hi:, it has an adjectival intensifying
force and qualifies a noun or a pronoun which, as a rule, is the
logical subject of the sentences.