Modern Hindi Grammar - Indian Institute of Language Studies (IILS)

3. MORPHOLOGY

3.6.4. The Particle tk tak ‘up to’

The particle tk tak has two primary meanings: as the limited particle
‘even’ and as the postposition ‘up to.’

1. ]sanao tar tk nahIM Baojaa.
   usne ta:r tak nahĩ: bheja:.
   he-erg wire part neg sent
   He did not even send a telegram.


2. ]sanao maorI baat tk nahIM saunaI.
   usne meri: ba:t tak nahĩ: suni:.
   he-erg my talk part neg listened
   He did not even listen to what I said.

As a postposition, tk tak is used in the sense of ‘up to’ or ‘until.’

3. vah kla tk ja,$r Aaegaa.
   vah kal tak zaru:r a:yega:.
   he tomorrow part definitely come-fut
   He will come by tomorrow definitely.


4. vah kla tk pOsaa laaOTaegaa.
   vah kal tak p ́sa: løta:yega:.
   he tomorrow part money return-fut
   He will return the money by tomorrow.


5. vahaÐ phuÐcanao tk dao idna lagaoMgao.
   vahã: pahũcne tak do din lagẽge.
   there reach-inf-obl part two days take-fut
   It will take two days to reach there.


6. jaba tk Aap Aa&a nahIM doMgao, maOM nahIM jaa}Ðgaa.
   jab tak a:p a:gya: nahĩ: dẽge, m ́~ nahĩ: ja:ũ:ga:.
   when part you permission neg give-fut I neg go-fut
   Until you permit me, I will not go.