3. MORPHOLOGY
- Gar Bar maoM baccao Saaor krto rho.
ghar bhar mẽ bacce šor karte rahe.
home part in children noise do-pr remained
The children made noise throughout the entire house.’ - Aap doKto Bar hao ̧ KrIdto nahIM.
a:p dekhte bhar ho, khari:dte nahĩ:.
you see-pr part be purchase-pr neg
You only look but do not purchase.
Notice that in sentence (8), Bar bhar can be replaced by the particle hI
hi:.
3.6.6. The Particle maa~ ma:tr
The particle maa~ ma:tr is borrowed from Sanskrit and means ‘only’ or
‘whole.’ In Sanskrit, it is used as a suffix and is attached to nouns.
ivaQyaa vidhya: + maa~ ma:tr = ivaQyaamaa~ vidhya:ma:tr only learning
pla pal + maa~ ma:tr = plamaa~ palma:tr only a moment
maanava ma:nav + maa~ ma:tr = maanavamaa~ ma:navma:tr all of humanity
In Hindi, the particle maa~ ma:tr is an equivalent of kovala keval or hI hi:
‘only,’ ‘alone.’ It is also used as a separate word.
- Aap iktaba maa~ dIijae.
a:p kita:b ma:tr di:jiye.
You book part give-fut
Please give only the book.
1a. Aap kovala iktaba dIijae.
a:p keval kita:b di:jiye.
Please give only the book.
1b. Aap iktaba hI dIijae.
a:p kita:b hi: di:jiye.
Please give just the book.
- mauJao saaO Épe maa~ dIijae.
mujhe sø rupaye ma:tr di:jiye.
me hundred rupees part give-fut
Please give me a hundred rupees only.