3. MORPHOLOGY
2a. mauJao maa~ saaO Épe dIijae.
mujhe ma:tr sø rupaye di:jiye.
2b. mauJao kovala saaO Épe dIijae.
mujhe keval sø rupaye di:jiye.
The particle Bar ma:tr can also be used in the initial position in
sentences. It can be replaced by Bar keval as in (3a).
- maa~ ]sanao yah kama nahIM ikyaa.
ma:tra usne yah ka:m nahĩ: kiya:.
part he-erg this work neg did
He was the only one not to do this work.
3a. kovala ]sanao yah kama nahIM ikyaa.
keval usne yah ka:m nahĩ: kiya:.
To sum up, the use of various particles in Hindi is important from a
semantic point of view. Besides their use as emphatic markers, they
cover a wide range of meanings and further shades of meanings
when used in combination with various word classes. They are
frequently used in different dialects and styles of speech in Hindi.
3.7. Connectives
Connectives are words that join two elements.
AaOr ør and yaa ya: or
laoikna lekin but ik ki that
magar magar but bailk balki rather
vanaa- varna: otherwise [sa ilae isi: liye that is why, therefore
@yaaoMik kyõki because taik ta:ki so that
Agar agar ‘if’ halaaMik ha:lã:ki ‘though’
Structurally, connectives are divided into three classes: (i) mono-
morphemic, (ii) poly-morphemic, and (iii) phrasal.