4. SYNTAX
- vah kBaI kBaI yahaÐ Aata hO.
vah kabhi: kabhi: yahã: a:ta: h ́.
he sometimes here come-ptc is
He comes here sometimes.
Reduplicated adverbs may be separated by the negative particle na na
as in the phrases kBaI na kBaI kabhi: na kabhi: ‘sometime or other’. This
category of adverbials expresses indefiniteness.
- vah kBaI na kBaI ja,$r Aaegaa.
vah kabhi: na kabhi: zaru:r a:yega:.
he sometime neg sometime definitely come-fut
He will come sometime or other.
The emphatic particle hI hi: can occur with an adverb or a noun to
render an adverbial reading.
- vah kovala samaya hI naYT krta hO.
vah keval samay hi: našt karta: h ́.
he is only time-emp waste do-ptc is
He merely wastes time. - Amar hI Aaegaa maaohna nahIM Aaegaa.
amar hi: a:yega: mohan nahĩ: a:yega:.
Amar-emp come-fut Mohan neg come-fut
Only Amar will come, not Mohan.
Various case markers and postpositions are employed with a noun to
render an adverbial reading, for example, savaoro savere ‘in the
morning’, dIvaar pr di:va:r par ‘on the wall’, Gar sao ghar se ‘from the
house’, and caakU sao ca:ku: se ‘with the knife’.
- vah savaoro jaldI dF,tr jaata hO.
vah savere jaldi: daftar ja:ta: h ́
he morning-obl early office go-ptc is
He goes to his office early in the morning. - yah tsvaIr dIvaar pr TaÐgaao.
yeh tasvi:r di:va:r par tã:go.
this picture wall on hang
Hang this picture on the wall.