4. SYNTAX
Non-finite subordinate clauses are structurally quite distinct from the
main clauses. They are marked by (i) verb modification, (ii) lack of
agreement, and (iii) word order. The subordinate verb undergoes a
process of verbal participation or infinitivization/gerundivization.
The subordinate verb does not agree with subject and/or object in
number and gender and is not marked for tense.
Participle subordinate verb
- vah icallaato hue inaklaa.
vah cilla:te hue nikla:.
he shriek-ptc left
He left shrieking.
The infinitive subordinate clause with an adverbial phrase can be put
in the initial position.
- maora vaaipsa Aanaa maumaikna nahIM.
mera: va:pas a:na: mumkin nahĩ:.
my return come-inf possible neg
It is not possible for me to come back. - maSaIna cala rhI qaI.
maši:n cal rahi: thi:.
machine move prog was
The machine was working.
4a. vah calatI maSaIna kao doK rha qaa.
vah calti: maši:n (ko) dekh raha: tha:.
he running machine-dat see-prog was
He was watching the running machine.
4b. vah maSaIna cala rhI qaI doK rha qaa
vah maši:n cal rahi: thi: dekh raha: tha:.
4.2.2. Noun Clauses
Noun clauses are of two types: finite and non-finite.