4. SYNTAX
4.2.2.1. Finite Noun Clauses
Finite noun clauses are introduced by the subordinator /
complementizer ki that and follow the main clause verb. They
function as subjects, direct objects, or complements of the main
predicate. Finite subject clauses usually occur as subjects of
adjectival predicates such as saca sac ‘true’, saaf, sa:f/ spYT spašt ‘clear’,
and maumaikna mumkin/ saMBava sambhav ‘possible’.
- yah saca hO ik maaohna baImaar hO.
yeh sac h ́ ki mohan bi:ma:r h ́.
it true is that Mohan sick is
It is true that Mohan is sick.
1a. yah saaf, / spYT qaa ik maaohna baImaar qaa.
yeh sa:f/spašt tha: ki mohan bi:ma:r tha:.
it clear was that Mohan sick was
It was clear that Mohan was sick.
4.2.2.1.1. The ik ki Complement Clauses
ki that complement clauses are usually governed by verbs like jaananaa
ja:nna: ‘to know’, pta haonaa pata: hona: ‘to know’, khnaa kahna: ‘to
say’, doKnaa dekhna: ‘to see’, and laganaa lagna: ‘to appear/seem’.
Consider the following examples.
- maOM jaanata qaa ik baf,- igarogaI.
m ́~ ja:nta: tha: ki barf giregi:.
I know-ptc was that snow fall-fut
I knew that it would snow. - mauJao lagaa ik vah baImaar hO.
mujhe laga: ki vah bi:ma:r h ́.
I-obl felt that he sick is
It seemed to me that he was sick.
The verb caahnaa cahna: ‘to wish, desire’ in the matrix clause selects a
conditional verb form in its complement clause.