4. SYNTAX
Leftward movement of the time adverb
18b. kla ]saka ]maa kao yah khnaa AcCa nahIM qaa.
kal uska: uma: ko yah kahna: accha: nahĩ: tha:.
Notice that no constituent of the non-finite noun clauses can be
moved to a position following the non-finite verb khnaa kahna: ‘to
say’ as below.
Rightward movement of indirect object
18c. *]saka kla yah khnaa AcCa nahIM qaa ]maa kao.
uska: kal yah kahna: accha: nahĩ: tha: uma: ko.
Rightward movement of time adverb
18d. *]saka ]maa kao yah khnaa AcCa nahIM qaa kla.
uska: uma: ko yah kahna: accha: nahĩ: tha: kal.
4.2.3. Relative Clauses
There are two types of relative clause constructions: finite and non-
finite participial relative clauses. The finite relative clauses maintain
full sentence structures with subject verb agreement and are very
common. Participial relative clauses exhibit the non-finite form of
the verb. The former is more explicit than the latter. The former type
is also labeled as the real relative clause.
In the formation of finite relative clauses, the relative marker jaao jo
‘who’, which is placed in front of the relativized element, the
correlative marker vah vah ‘that’ is placed at the beginning of the
head noun, and the second identical or co-referential noun phrase
may be deleted. The forms of relative and correlative markers are
given below.
Relative markers
Direct Oblique
Sg Pl Sg Pl
jaao jo jaao jo ijasa jis ijana jin