4. SYNTAX
6c. yao safod kmaIjaoM, hOM.
ye safed kami:zẽ h ́~.
these white shirts are
These are white shirts.
The copular verb must be retained in both affirmative (positive) as
well as negative sentences. In the case of co-ordinate structures, it is
optionally deleted.
- maaohna Da^@Tr hO.
mohan da:ktar h ́.
Mohan doctor is
Mohan is a doctor. - saaohna vakIla nahIM hO.
sohan vaki:l nahĩ: h ́.
Sohan lawyer not is
Sohan is not a lawyer. - maaohna AaOr AjaIt Da^@Tr hOM.
mohan aur aji:t da:ktar h ́~.
Mohan and Ajit doctors are
Mohan and Ajit are doctors.
9a. maaohna Da^@Tr hO AaOr AjaIt BaI.
mohan da:ktar h ́ ør aji:t bhi:.
Mohan doctor is and Ajit too
Mohan is a doctor and so is Ajit.
9b. na maaohna vakIla hO AaOr na AjaIt.
na mohan vaki:l h ́ ør na aji:t.
neg Mohan lawyer is and neg Ajit
Neither Mohan nor Ajit is a lawyer.
The copular verb is used for definition, identity, existence, and role
functions. It is also used as a second member (explicator) in the
compound verb sequences.
- Aajakla saUya- jaldI caZ,ta hO.
a:jkal su:rya jaldi: carhta: h ́.
nowadays sun quick rise-ptc is
The sun rises early these days.