4. SYNTAX
11a. Aao pagala ̧ yahaÐ AaAao.
o pa:gal, yahã: a:o
hey mad person here come-2s-imp
O mad one, come here.
The use of reduplicated forms of imperatives reinforces the impolite
force.
- jaa jaa ̧ sauna ilayaa.
ja: ja:, sun liya:.
go go listened
Go, I have listened.
Yes-no positive and negative questions in the future tense may also
convey the force of imperative form.
- ³Aap ́tsvaIr doMgaoÆ
(a:p) tasvi:r dẽge?
you picture give-fut-q
Would you give the picture?
13a. Aap doMgao @yaa tsvaIrÆ
a:p dẽge kya: tasvi:r?
you give-fut-q picture
13b. tsvaIr doMgao @yaaÆ
tasvi:r dẽge kya:?
Would you give (me) the picture?
Performative verbs such as inavaodna krnaa nivedan karna: ‘to make a
request’, and (haaqa jaaoD,kr ha:th jor kar) p`aqa-naa krnaa pra:rthana: karna:
‘to make a request (with folded hands’) also render imperative force
in their complement clause.
- maOM haqa jaaoD,kr p`aqa-naa krta hUÐ mauJapr kRpa krao.
m ́∫ ha:th jorkar pra:rthana: karta: hũ: mujhpar kripa: karo.
I hands fold-cp request do-ptc am me-dat on kindness do
I humbly request you to be kind to me.