4. SYNTAX
Sentence (22) is ambiguous because the reflexive pronoun is co-
referential with the subject of the subordinate as well as with the
subject of the subordinate clause. It has two readings.
22a. Aimat (i) maanata hO [ik maaohna Aimat (j) ka Sa~u hO].
amit (i) ma:nta: h ́ [ki mohan amit (i) ka: šatru: h ́].
Amit consider-ptc is that Mohan Amit of enemy is
Amit considers Mohan Amits enemy.
22b. Aimat maanata hO [ik maaohna (i) maaohna (j) ka Sa~u hO].
amit ma:nta: h ́ [ki mohan (i) mohan (i) ka: šatru: h ́.
Amit consier-prog that Mohan Mohans enemy is
Amit considers Mohan Mohans enemy.
Here, the reflexive pronoun cannot occur in (22a), but it can occur in
sentence (22b) due to its clause boundaries. It shows that the finite
subordinate clause becomes finite and is raised to the object position
of the matrix sentence.
Reflexive relations occur within nominalized clauses.
- ]saka svayaM kao maarnaa zIk nahIM qaa.
uska: svayam ko ma:rna: thi:kh nahĩ: tha:.
his self kill-inf proper neg was
His killing himself was not proper.
Reflexive relations cannot exist within an ordinary noun phrase. It is
possible to have reflexive antecedents under two conditions: (i)
when the logical antecedent is deleted at the surface level and (ii)
when the antecedent is either generic or contextually implied.
(i) Deletion of an underlying antecedent
- tuma Apnaa kmara saaf, krao.
tum apna: kamra: sa:f karo.
you refl room clean do
Clean your room.
24a. Apnaa kmara saaf, krao.
apna: kamra: sa:f karo.
refl room clean do
Clean your room.