Modern Hindi Grammar - Indian Institute of Language Studies (IILS)

(Brent) #1

4. SYNTAX


effect, sequential action, and contingency the conjoined structures
are marked for. The coordinate sentences (10-14) can be
paraphrased to indicate that they are related with the subordination
process as well. Consider the following sentences.


10b. vah dvaa Kakr svasqa huAa.
vah dava: kha:kar swasth hua:.
he medicine take-cp healthy became
He recovered (from illness) after taking the medicine.


11b. caaor gaaolaI laganao sao Aaht huAa.
cor goli: lagne se a:hat hua:.
thief bullet hit-inf-obl with injured became
The thief was injured by a bullet.


12b. ]sanao Aakr hmaoM Gar Aanao ka nyaaota idyaa.
usne a:kar hamẽ ghar a:ne ka: nyota: diya:.
he-erg come-cp us-dat home go-inf-gen invitation gave
On arrival, he invited us to his home.


13b. maaohna nao Gar Aakr drvaaja,o ka talaa Kaolaa.
mohan ne a:kar darva:ze ka: ta:la: khola:.
Mohan-erg came-cp door-gen lock opened
On arrival, Mohan unlocked the door.


14b. ek AcCI laD,kI Z,UÐZ,kr tuma ivavaah krao.
ek acchi: larki: dhũ:dhkar tum viva:h karo.
a good girl find-cp you marriage do-imp
Find a good girl and get married.


In the above sentences, cause and effect, sequential action, and
contingency are expressed without using conjunction morphemes.
The paraphrases indicate that the first conjuncts of the sentences
represent the adverbial complements of the second conjuncts.


Besides conjoining sentences, the coordinating conjunction marker
ør can be used to coordinate nouns (subjects, direct and indirect
objects), verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.

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