4. SYNTAX
he-dat novel read-inf and play watch-inf like is
He likes to read novels and watch plays.
- maOMnao ]sao AaOr ]sako Gar kao sapnao maoM doKa.
m ́~ne use ør uske ghar ko sapne mẽ dekha:.
I-erg he-obl and his house-dat dream-obl in saw
I saw him and his house in the dream.
It is possible to coordinate related adverbials in a coordinated
structure.
- vah hÐsato - hÐsato AaOr jaldI hr ek kama krta hO.
vah hãste - hãste ør jaldi: har ek ka:m karta: h ́.
he laugh-ptc and quickly every work do-ptc is
He gives his opinion smilingly and quickly.
Time adverbials and manner adverbials cannot be conjoined.
- vah kla raoyaa AaOr ja,aor-ja,aor sao.
vah kal roya: ør zor - zor se
he yesterday wept and loudly
Active and passive verbs can be coordinated provided they are
appropriate in a pragmatic situation. In Hindi, passive constructions
can mean capability as well.
- Anau nao saoba KrIdo AaOr ]sasao Kae nahIM gae.
anu ne seb xari:de aur usse kha:ye nahĩ: gaye.
Anu-erg apples bought and she-pass eat-pass neg aux-pass
Anu bought apples and she was not able to eat. - maOMnao yah kama ikyaa AaOr ]sasao nahIM ikyaa gayaa.
m ́~ne yeh ka:m kiya: ør usse nahĩ: kiya: gaya:.
I-erg this work did and he-pass neg do-pa went-pass
I did this work and it could not be done by him.
Simple verbs can be conjoined with infinitives in a coordinate
structure.
- maOMnao yah naavala pZ,a AaOr [saoo pZ,naa Aasaana hO nahIM.
m ́~ne yeh na:val parha: ør ise parhna: a:sa:n h ́ nahĩ:.