2. PHONOLOGY
When different suffixes are added to the root, the an addition of a
consonant takes place.
ba ba + tIsa ti:s = batIsa batti:s thirty-two
Sak šak + [- i: = SakI šaki: one who doubts
2.4.3. Alternations
The long vowel Aao /o/ of the verb root changes to a short vowel ]
/u/ when the suffix -laa /-la:/ is added to the verb roots.
Kaola khol open + laa la: = Kulaa khula: opened
rao ro weep + laa la: = Élaa rula: to make weep?
The long vowel [- /i:/ of the verb root becomes the short [ /i/ when
the suffix A -a: is added to the verb root.
pI pi: drink + laa la: = ipla pila: make drink
saIK si:kh learn + Aa a: = isaKa sikha: teach
When the suffixes laa /-la:/ or Aa /-a:/ are attached to the
monosyllabic verbal stems their vowels e /e/ and Aa /a:/ change into
[ /i/.
do de give + laa la: = idlaa dila: cause to give
Ka kha: eat + laa la: = iKlaa khila: cause to eat
doK dekh see + Aa a: = idKa dikha: cause to see
In certain morphophonemic changes, some consonants are replaced
by others.
tIna ti:n three + pna pan = itropna trepan fifty-three
[k ik one + caalaIsa ca:li:s = [ktalaIsa ikta:li:s forty-one
Morphophonemic changes at junctural points or sandhi are very
common in Hindi. They usually takes place in compound words.
saUya- su:rya
sun
+ Aaid a:di
etc.= saUya-aid su:rya:di sun and the
like.
caMd` candr
moon
+ ]dya uday
rise= caMd`aodya candroday moonrise