Modern Hindi Grammar - Indian Institute of Language Studies (IILS)

3. MORPHOLOGY

It is not used in constructions using the modal verbs laganaa lagna:, cauknaa
cukna:, and saknaa sakna::

13. vah saoba Kanao lagaa.
    vah seb kha:ne laga:
    he apple eat-inf-obl started
    He started eating apples.

13a. ]sanao saoba Kanao lagaa.
usne seb kha:ne laga:

14. maOM yah kama kr cauka.
    m ́~ yah ka:m kar cuka:
    I this work do completed
    I finished this work.

14a. maOMnao yah kama kr cauka.
m ́~ne yah ka:m kar cuka:

15. vah icaT\zI ilaK saka.
    vah citthi: likh saka:
    he letter write could
    He could write a letter.

15a. ]sanoa icaT\zI ilaK saka.
usne citthi: likh saka:

In the case of a few transitive verbs like samaJanaa samjhna: ‘to
understand’ and Kolanaa khelna: ‘to play,’ the use of this postposition is
optional.

16. maOMnao ]sakI baat samaJaI.
    m ́~ne uski: ba:t samjhi:
    I-erg his/her matter understood
    I understood what he said.

16a. maOM ]sakI baat samaJaa.
m ́~ uski: ba:t samjha.:
I his/her matter understood
I understood what he said.