Modern Hindi Grammar - Indian Institute of Language Studies (IILS)

3. MORPHOLOGY

2. ,kama (kao) K%ma krao.
   ka:m (ko) xatm karo
   work (dat) finish do-imp
   Finish the work.


3. kar (kao) toja, krao.
   ka:r (ko) tez karo.
   car (dat) fast do-imp
   Speed up the car.


4. kagaja, (kao) dUr rKaoo.
   ka:gaz (ko) du:r rakho.
   paper (dat) away do-imp
   Keep the paper away.


5. saMdUk (kao) [Qar/ ]Qar/ }pr/ naIcao rKaoo.
   sandu:k (ko) idhar/udhar/upar/ni:ce rakho
   box (dat) here/there/up/down do-imp
   Keep the box here/there/up/down.

In the object +kao ko+verb construction, the verb may be transitive or
causative.

6. maOMnao p~ (kao) pZ,a.
   m ́~ne patr (ko) parha:
   I-erg letter (dat) read
   I read the letter.


7. ]sanao iktaba kao baocaa.
   usne kita:b ko beca:
   he-erg book-dat sold
   He sold the book.

7a. ]sanao iktaba baocaI.
usne kita:b beci:
He sold the book.

8. ]sanao baccao kao saulaayaa.
   usne bacce ko sula:ya:
   he-erg child-dat sleep-caus
   He made the child sleep.