3. MORPHOLOGY
- Agar kla kao ]nhoM kuC hao gayaa tao...
agar kal ko unhẽ kuch ho gaya: to...
if tomorrow-obl he-obl something happenened then ...
If anything happens to him tomorrow then ...
The postposition kao ko can be used optionally with time adverbs, like
rat ra:t ‘night,’ Saama ša:m ‘evening,’and duphr dupahar ‘afternoon.’
- Aaja Saama/Saama kao Aap maoro Gar Aa[e.
a:j ša:m/ša:m ko a:p mere ghar a:iye.
today evening/-dat you mine house come-imp.pol
Please come to my house today in the evening.
The postposition kao ko is not used with place adverbs like yahaÐ yahã:
‘here’; vahaÐ vahã: ‘there’; }pr upar ‘above’; naIcao ni:ce ‘under’; Aagao a:ge
‘in front’; and pICo pi:che ‘behind.’
- maOM yahaÐM Aa}Ðgaa.
m ́~ yahã: a:ũ:ga:
I here come-fut
I will come here.
21a. maOM yahaÐ kao Aa}Ðgaa.
m ́~ yahã: ko a:ũ:ga:
- vao }pr phuÐMcao.
ve u:par pahũce
they top reached
They reached up (the stairs).
22a. vao }pr kao phuMÐcao.
ve u:par ko pahũce
The postposition kao ko is added to the subject noun/pronoun if it is
followed by an object and the verb caaihe ca:hiye ‘need/want’ or the
modal ‘should’ (i.e., subject + kao ko + object + caaihe ca:hiya).
- ]sakao yah AKbaar caaihe.
usko yeh akhba:r ca:hiye
he-obl this newspaper wants
He wants this newspaper.