Biology of Disease

X]VeiZg&)/ DISORDERS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM (-- W^dad\nd[Y^hZVhZ X]VeiZg&)/ DISORDERS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SY ...

14.5 Investigating Cardiac Function in Health and Disease Clinicians need to be able to diagnose cardiovascular problems and to ...

X]VeiZg&)/ DISORDERS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM W^dad\nd[Y^hZVhZ P Q R T U P S PR interval QRS complex ST segment X Y X ...

In addition to the basic technique, the cardiac response may be recorded during exercise as the patient walks or runs on a tread ...

14.6 Endocarditis Endocarditis is an inflammation of the endocardium, the interior lining of the heart and its valves. It most o ...

However, when they are, it is the nature and severity of the disease that is more important than the arrhythmia itself. If broug ...

X]VeiZg&)/ DISORDERS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM (.) W^dad\nd[Y^hZVhZ Ventricular Fibrillation Ventricular fibrillation ...

14.8 CARDIAC FAILURE Cardiac failure is the inability of the heart to maintain an adequate cardiac output, that is pump a volume ...

of survival. This means that any factor aggravating the failure should be identified and treated. The precise cause of failure s ...

and the amount supplied. There are several possible causes of this condition. Firstly, the blood flow through the coronary arter ...

Myocarditis, which is an acute inflammation of the heart muscle, occurs as a result of a viral infection, most often coxsackie v ...

14.11 Heart Valve Disorders Major problems encountered with heart valves include an improper closing of the valves leading to le ...

14.13 Atherosclerosis or Arteriosclerosis Atherosclerosis or arteriosclerosis refers to the simultaneous development of an ather ...

impaired. Stable angina is normally relieved by a short rest or by administering glyceryltrinitrate. The latter dilates the arte ...

X]VeiZg&)/ DISORDERS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM )%' W^dad\nd[Y^hZVhZ Cholesterol and Lipoproteins Aside from any inheri ...

in the form of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). These contain the apolipoprotein, B-100, but the major lipids are triacylgl ...

Measuring serum cholesterol It is necessary to know the concentration of LDL cholesterol in serum (Table 14.2) to assess risks t ...

deep red owing to the hemorrhage. Subsequently an inflammatory reaction develops and the infarcted tissue turns gray in color. M ...

X]VeiZg&)/ DISORDERS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM W^dad\nd[Y^hZVhZ The activities of a number of enzymes in blood samples ...

DISORDERS OF ARTERIES AND VEINS CZhhVg6]bZY!BVjgZZc9Vlhdc!8]g^hHb^i]:YLddY )%, typically extends to the left shoulder a ...