Biology of Disease

National Screening Programs for Inherited Diseases A number of factors need to be considered before a screening program (Chapter ...

Akaryotype is the characteristic number, size and shape of chromosomes of a species. A karyogram is a photographic representatio ...

structure of each chromosome. Karyotyping can be performed on white cells from whole blood as described above or from amniotic f ...

CHROMOSOMES AND THE HUMAN KARYOTYPE CZhhVg6]bZY!BVjgZZc9Vlhdc!8]g^hHb^i]:YLddY )(& BOX 15.2 Dynamic mutations and D ...

receive the paternal type. For example, almost all males with the stable version generally have daughters with the stable versio ...

moved to a different chromosome. Deletions and duplications change the amount of DNA in a chromosome. Inversions and translocati ...

X]VeiZg&*/ GENETIC DISEASES )() W^dad\nd[Y^hZVhZ be observed microscopically almost invariably produces a phenotype with ...

Inversions Figure 15.27 illustrates how inversions might arise. A chromosomal loop forms before fractures occur at two places on ...

X]VeiZg&*/ GENETIC DISEASES )(+ W^dad\nd[Y^hZVhZ BOX 15.3 Acute promyelocytic leukemia The biological functions of vitami ...

15.9 Variations in Chromosome Numbers Eukaryotic organisms are normally diploid and produce haploid gametes (Section 15.3). Howe ...

these cases involved meiotic nondisjunction in two different chromosomes prior to gamete formation. Monosomy results in two type ...

stops. The second meiotic division is not completed unless a sperm penetrates the secondary oocyte. Thus the succeeding ovum has ...

X]VeiZg&*/ GENETIC DISEASES ))% W^dad\nd[Y^hZVhZ Aneuploidy involving sex chromosomes Aneuploidy involving sex chromosome ...

DETECTING, DIAGNOSING AND SCREENING HUMAN GENETIC DISEASES CZhhVg6]bZY!BVjgZZc9Vlhdc!8]g^hHb^i]:YLddY ))& Second di ...

Detection of Hereditary Diseases Tests based on recombinant DNA technology have increased in recent years because of their high ...

Tests based on ASOs are now available to screen for mutations associated with cystic fibrosis (Chapter 16) and glaucoma. Allele- ...

Potential parents in whom a genetic defect is detected must be advised to have genetic counseling. The advice they are given is ...

15.11 Summary The sequence of nucleotides of the genes in the DNA forms the genetic blueprint of cells, controlling all the cell ...

X]VeiZg&*/ GENETIC DISEASES ))+ W^dad\nd[Y^hZVhZ duplications, inversions and translocations. Changes to the chromosomal ...

Caine, A, Maltby, AE, Parkin, CA, Waters, JJ and Crolla, JA (2005) Prenatal detection of Down’s syndrome by rapid aneuploidy tes ...