- Which of the following are the four most common tumor sites in
adults in the UK?
a) Lung, breast, colorectum and bone marrow;
b) Breast, lung, colorectum and prostate;
c) Lung, breast, stomach and prostate;
d) Brain, lung, breast and bone marrow;
e) Stomach, lung, skin and breast.- Arrange the two following lists into their most appropriate pairings.
Carcinoma BCR-ABL
Metastasis TP53
Oncogene myeloblastic leukemias
Tumor suppressor gene Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Breast cancer xeroderma pigmentosum
Li-Fraumeni syndrome secondary tumors
Tyrosine kinase EMSY
FAB epithelia
Ultraviolet light E2F3
Epstein-Barr virus CHK2- Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or are FALSE.
a) Cachexia is defined as an unexplained loss of 2 kg of body
weight.
b) A viral equivalent of an abnormal human gene that is associated
with cancer is denoted by the prefix v-.
c) Cigarette smoke contains benzo[a]pyrene, which is a direct
acting carcinogen.
d) The use of a cryostat allows for a rapid histological examination
of biopsy material from a suspected cancer.
e) Cells undergoing mitosis are at their most resistant to radiation
damage.
f) Methotrexate is an antagonist to folic acid synthesis.
g) Cyclophosphamide and 6-TA are used in the treatment of breast
cancer.
h) Vincristine, obtainable from Colchicum officinale, is used to treat
leukemias.
i) Coley’s toxin contains killed Mycobacteria that stimulate the
immune system.
j) Hairy cell leukemia is the name of a rare form of ALL.- Write a 1500 word essay on the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
Further Reading
Bhurani, D and Gottlieb, D (2004) The chronic leukaemias http://www.
australiandoctor.com.auCaldas, C (1998) Molecular assessment of cancer. BMJ316: 1360–1363.Cooperberg, MR, Moul, JW and Carrol, PR (2005) The changing face of prostate
cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.10: 8146–8151.Doll, R (2000) Smoking and Lung Cancer. Am. J. Crit. Care Med. 162: 4–6.X]VeiZg&,/ CANCER
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