Educational Psychology

1. The changing teaching profession and you

Action research studies lead to concrete decisions that improve teaching and learning in particular educational
contexts (Mertler, 2006; Stringer, 2004). The studies can take many forms, but here are a few brief examples:

• How precisely do individual children learn to read? In an action research study, the teacher might observe
  and track one child’s reading progress carefully for an extended time. From the observations she can get
  clues about how to help not only that particular child to read better, but also other children in her class or
  even in colleagues’ classes.


• Does it really matter if a high school social studies teacher uses more, rather than fewer, open-ended
  questions? As an action of research study, the teacher might videotape his own lessons, and systematically
  compare students’ responses to his open-ended questions compared to their responses to more closed
  questions (the ones with more fixed answers). The analysis might suggest when and how much it is indeed
  desirable to use open-ended questions.


• Can an art teacher actually entice students to take more creative risks with their drawings? As an action
  research study, the teacher might examine the students’ drawings carefully for signs of visual novelty and
  innovation, and then see if the signs increase if she encourages novelty and innovation explicitly.
  Table 1: Examples of action research project
  Steps in action research
  Project

Example 1: students’ use of

the Internet

Example 2: a teacher’s

helpfulness to ESL students

Purpose of the research (as

expressed by the teacher doing the

research)

“In doing assignments, how

successful are my students at finding

high-quality, relevant information?”

“Am I responding to my ESL

students as fully and helpfully as to

my English-speaking students, and

why or why not?”

Who is doing the study? Classroom teacher (elementary

level) and school computer specialist

teacher

Classroom teacher (senior high

level)—studying self;

Possibly collaborating with other

teachers or with ESL specialist.

How information is gathered and

recorded

Assessing students’ assignments;

Observing students while they

search the Internet.

Interviewing students about their

search experiences

Videotaping of self interacting

during class discussions;

Journal diary by teacher of

experiences with ESL vs other

students;

Interviews with teacher’s ESL

students

How information is analyzed Look for obstacles and “search

tips” expressed by several students;

Look for differences in type and

amount of interactions with ESL vs.

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