- “Aquatic ecosystems are a recognized reservoir for ARB (antibiotic-resistant
bacteria. We used culture-dependent methods and quantitative molecular
techniques to detect and quantify ARB and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in
source waters, drinking water treatment plants, and tap water from several cities
in Michigan and Ohio” - “We found ARGs and heterotrophic ARB in all finished water and tap water
tested, although the amounts were small. The quantities of most ARGs were
greater in tap water than in finished water and source water.” - In general, the levels of bacteria were higher in source water than in tap water,
and the levels of ARB were higher in tap water than in finished water, indicating
that there was regrowth of bacteria in drinking water distribution systems.” - “Elevated resistance to some antibiotics was observed during water treatment
and in tap water. Water treatment might increase the antibiotic resistance of
surviving bacteria, and water distribution systems may serve as an important
reservoir for the spread of antibiotic resistance to opportunistic pathogens.”
Yan, M., Pamp, S., Fukuyama, J., et al. (2014). Nasal microenvironments and
interspecific interactions influence nasal microbiota complexity and S. aureus
carriage. Cell Host Microbe. 14(6). pg. 631-40.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3902146/
- “The indigenous microbiota of the nasal cavity plays important roles in human
health and disease. Patterns of spatial variation in microbiota composition may
help explain Staphylococcus aureus colonization and reveal interspecies and
species-host interactions. To assess the biogeography of the nasal microbiota, we
sampled healthy subjects, representing both S. aureus carriers and noncarriers at
three nasal sites (anterior naris, middle meatus, and sphenoethmoidal recess).
Phylogenetic compositional and sparse linear discriminant analyses revealed
communities that differed according to site epithelium type and S. aureus
culture-based carriage status. Corynebacterium accolens and C.
pseudodiphtheriticum were identified as the most important microbial
community determinants of S. aureus carriage, and competitive interactions were
only evident at sites with ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium. In vitro
cocultivation experiments provided supporting evidence of interactions among
these species. These results highlight spatial variation in nasal microbial
communities and differences in community composition between S. aureus
carriers and noncarriers.”