Morens, D., Folkers, G. and Fauci, A. (2004). The challenge of emerging and re-
emerging infectious diseases. Nature. 430. pg. 242-9.
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v430/n6996/full/nature02759.html
- “About 15 million (>25%) of 57 million annual deaths worldwide are estimated
to be related directly to infectious diseases.” - “The burden of morbidity (ill health) and mortality falls most heavily on people
in developing countries, and particularly on infants and children (about three
million children die each year from malaria and diarrhoeal diseases alone.”
Moura, A., Henriques, I., Smalla, K. and Correia, A. (2010). Wastewater bacterial
communities bring together broad-host range plasmids, integrons and a wide diversity
of uncharacterized gene cassettes. Research in Microbiology. 161(1). pg. 58-66.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20004718
- “Wastewater environments promote the development of bacterial communities
that support and bring together different types of molecular elements that, in
association, play a major role in bacterial adaptation and evolution.”
Munir, M., Wong, K. and Xagoraraki, I. (2011). Release of antibiotic resistant bacteria
and genes in the effluent and biosolids of five wastewater utilities in Michigan. Water
Research. 45. pg. 681-93. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20850863
- “Significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in concentration of ARGs (tetO
and Sull), and ARB in biosolids samples between the advanced treatment
methods (anaerobic digestion and lime stabilization) and the conventional
dewatering and gravity thickening methods. Daily release loads of ARGs and
ARB in the environment were found to be higher through biosolids relative to
effluents.”
Nair, S. and Simidu, U. (1987). Distribution and significance of heterotrophic marine
bacteria with antibacterial activity. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 53(12).
pg. 2957-62. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3435149
- “Many marine heterotrophic bacteria are known to produce antibacterial
substances which inhibit or kill other bacteria.” - “Isolation and characterization of antibiotic components have been carried out by
various researchers.” - “Bacteria with antibacterial activity were isolated from seawater, sediments,
phytoplankton, and zooplankton of Suruga, Sagami, and Tokyo Bays and from
soft corals and sponges collected from the Taiwan coast. Of the 726 strains