- Use of the term “synthetic nanoparticles” would be helpful.
- “Studies conducted on the NP-induced toxicity have revealed that the metal-
based nanoparticles can affect the biological behavior at the organ, tissue,
cellular, subcellular, and protein levels. - Metal synthetic nanoparticles discussed include...Silver, Gold, Magnesium
oxide, Copper oxide, Aluminum, Titanium dioxide and Zinc oxide.
Ranghar, S., Sirohi, P., Verma, P. and Agarwal, V. (2014). Nanoparticle-based drug
delivery systems: Promising approaches against infections. Brazilian Archives of
Biology and Technology. 57(2). pg. 209-22.
- “The use of conventional antimicrobial agents...to combat infectious
diseases...[is] associated with problems such as the development of multiple
drug resistance and adverse side effects...The inefficient traditional drug
delivery system results in inadequate therapeutic index, low bioavailability of
drugs and many other limitations.” - “In this regard, antimicrobial nanoparticles and nanosized drug delivery carriers
have emerged as potent effective agents against infections... [including]
nanoparticle systems for antimicrobial drug delivery and use of these systems for
antimicrobial drug delivery and use of these systems for delivery of various
antimicrobial agents.” - Antimicrobial nanoparticles – the hope of the future to counteract antibiotic
winter.
Reardon, S. (2014). Antibiotic resistance sweeping developing world. Nature. 509. pg.
141-2. http://www.nature.com/news/antibiotic-resistance-sweeping-developing-world-
1.15171
- “Around the globe, overuse of drugs has created resistant strains of deadly
bacteria – and they could be a greater threat in poorer nations than in richer ones,
owing in part to a lack of regulation.” - “The problem also seems to be particularly acute in the emerging economies
known as the ‘BRIC’ states: Brazil, Russia, India and China, says Keith
Klugman, an epidemiologist for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in
Seattle, Washington.” - “Researchers do not know what factors have caused resistance to grow so rapidly
in developing nations. For instance, it is not clear to what extent the rise of
resistance has been spurred by the use of antibiotics for growth promotion in
livestock, or by the release of antibiotics into wastewater by drug-manufacturers
in countries such as India.”