196 Step 4. Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High
- Boiling-point elevation––The boiling point of a solution is always higher than the
boiling point of the pure solvent. - Osmotic pressure––Solvent molecules pass through a semipermeable membrane
from the less concentrated side to the more concentrated side. The osmotic pressure
is the amount of pressure needed to stop this osmosis.
Know how to use the appropriate colligative properties equation to calculate the amount
of vapor-pressure lowering, freezing-point lowering, van’t Hoff factor, etc.
A colloid is a mixture in which the solute particle size is intermediate between a true
solution and a suspension. If a light is shone through a colloid, the light beam is visible.
This is the Tyndall effect.