5 Steps to a 5 AP Chemistry

 241

Electrochemistry

IN THIS CHAPTER:

Summary:Electrochemistryis the study of chemical reactions that produce

electricity, and chemical reactions that take place because electricity is sup-

plied. Electrochemical reactions may be of many types. Electroplating is an

electrochemical process. So are the electrolysis of water, the production of

aluminum metal, and the production and storage of electricity in batteries.

All these processes involve the transfer of electrons and redox reactions.

Keywords and Equations

A table of half-reactions is given in the exam booklet and in the back of this

book.

I=current (amperes) q=charge (coulombs)

E°=standard reduction potential K=equilibrium constant

G° =standard free energy

Faraday’s constant, F=96,500 coulombs per mole of electrons

Gas constant, R=8.31 volt coulomb mol−^1 K–1

EE

RT

nF

QE

cell cell cell n

=° − ln

⎛

⎝

⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟ =° −

⎛

⎝

⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟

0 0592.

ll o g

[][]

[][]

Q

Q

at C

CD

AB

where a A bB C d

cd

ab

25 °

=+→cD+D

I

q

t K

nE

==G nFE

°

log °=− °

0 0592.

Δ

CHAPTER

16

KEY IDEA