5 Steps to a 5 AP Chemistry

 43

Basics

IN THIS CHAPTER

Summary:This chapter on basic chemical principles should serve as a review

if you have had a pre-AP chemistry course in school. We assume (and we all

know about assumptions) that you know about such things as the scientific

method, elements, compounds, and mixtures. We may mention elementary

chemistry topics like this, but we will not spend a lot of time discussing them.

When you are using this book, have your textbook handy. If we mention a

topic and it doesn’t sound familiar, go to your textbook and review it in depth.

We will be covering topics that are on the AP exam. There is a lot of good

information in your text that is not covered on the AP exam, so if you want

more, read your text.

Keywords and Equations

This section of each chapter will contain the mathematical equations and

constants that are supplied to you on the AP exam. We have tried to use,

as much as possible, the exact format that is used on the test.

T=temperature n= number of moles m=mass P=pressure

V=volume D=density v=velocity M=molar mass

KE=kinetic energy t=time (seconds)

Boltzmann’s constant, k=1.38× 10 −^23 J K−^1

electron charge, e=−1.602× 10 −^19 coulomb

1 electron volt per atom =96.5 kJ mol−^1

D= K= °C+ 273

Avogadro’s number =6.022× 1023 mol−^1

m

V

CHAPTER

5

KEY IDEA