How to Order.vp

142 PREPARATION OF SCHOOL LEADERS

respondents’ proximity to the classroom the greater the gap between the importance of the
skills/competencies of principals and the skills/competencies the principals demonstrated.
Table 5 displays the frequency distribution of the 5 scales used by the respondents to rate
the degree of attainment of the 17 skills/competencies. The 1 & 2 scales (unprepared and little
preparation) were combined as were the 4 & 5 scales (well-prepared and outstanding prepara-
tion).

Table 5. Frequency Distribution of Respondents Perception of the Attainment of the

Skills/Competencies in Three Levels.

Skill / Compe-
tency

Levels of Preparation: (1) unpre-

pared, (2) little preparation, (3) ade-

quate preparation, (4) well-prepared,

(5) outstanding preparation

Superinten-

dent Percep-

tion

(N = 157):

Principal

Self Per-

ception

(N = 103):

Teacher

Perception

(N = 803):

Vision Unprepared & Little (1 & 2) =
Adequate preparation (3) =
Well & Outstanding (4 & 5) =

12%

37%

51%

19%

36%

42%

27%
25%
48%
Culture Unprepared & Little (1 & 2) =
Adequate preparation (3) =
Well & Outstanding (4 & 5) =

8%

31%

61%

19%

31%

50%

36%
23%
41%
Operation Unprepared & Little (1 & 2) =
Adequate preparation (3) =
Well & Outstanding (4 & 5) =

7%

21%

72%

22 %

38%

40%

34%
21%
45%
Discipline Unprepared & Little (1 & 2) =
Adequate preparation (3) =
Well & Outstanding (4 & 5) =

8%

24%

68%

28%

38%

34%

44%
20%
36%
Distributed Lead-
ership

Unprepared & Little (1 & 2) =

Adequate preparation (3) =

Well & Outstanding (4 & 5) =

12%

40%

48%

22%

32%

46%

39%
24%
37%
Adaptive Leader-
ship

Unprepared & Little (1 & 2) =

Adequate preparation (3) =

Well & Outstanding (4 & 5) =

18%

30%

52%

26%

30%

44%

45%
21%
34%
Situational
Awareness

Unprepared & Little (1 & 2) =

Adequate preparation (3) =

Well & Outstanding (4 & 5) =

14%

34%

52%

27%

33%

40%

42%
22%
36%
Professional De-
velopment

Unprepared & Little (1 & 2) =

Adequate preparation (3) =

Well & Outstanding (4 & 5) =

16%

36%

49%

28%

26%

46%

25%
25%
50%
Monitor Unprepared & Little (1 & 2) =
Adequate preparation (3) =
Well & Outstanding (4 & 5) =

18%

33%

49%

31%

31%

38%

32%
25%
43%
Visibility Unprepared & Little (1 & 2) =
Adequate preparation (3) =
Well & Outstanding (4 & 5) =

5%

18%

77%

13%

29%

58%

37%
20%
43%
Celebration Unprepared & Little (1 & 2) =
Adequate preparation (3) =
Well & Outstanding (4 & 5) =

5%

27%

68%

18%

36%

46%

29%
26%
45%
Change Unprepared & Little (1 & 2) =
Adequate preparation (3) =
Well & Outstanding (4 & 5) =

18%

34%

48%

22%

27%

51%

37%
24%
39%
Advocate Unprepared & Little (1 & 2) =
Adequate preparation (3) =
Well & Outstanding (4 & 5) =

10%

28%

62%

11%

36%

53%

31%

24%

45%