destroyed by estrogens 314
Gram-negative bacterial septicaemias, in
cultured tilapia 255
Grass carp, see Ctenopharyngodon idella
Great Britain, introductions 31
Great White Pelican, a predator in L.
Nakuru 101
Grenada, introductions 28
"Grey" Literature, and information
resources 354
Groundnut cake, used in pond
culture 199
Growth, adverse effects of inbreed-
ing discussed 307
and anabolic steroids discussed 306,
315
and depth of water in cage culture 209
enhanced by temperature oscillations
172-5
factors influencing in cage culture
212-3
feeding and digestion 141-56
and feeding discussed 81
and food quality 151-5
and food in T. rendalli 168
of fry in aquaria 172
future lines of research 113
and hybrid vigor discussed 306
importance of protein 151
importance of temperature 158
increased potential of male hybrids
290-1
inhibited in high density culture 260
males grow faster than females 310
in relation to metabolism and feed-
ing 157-80
monogenean parasites may have little
or no effect 250
and pheromones discussed 81
in polyculture of all-male hybrids 300
poor growth in hot springs explained
174-5
and production of all-male hybrids
291-301
and protein rich pellets 195
rates in cage culture 213
rates in intensive cage culture 230-7
rates in natural waters 102-5
rates and selective feeding 154-6
rates and semi-intensive cage culture
222,224
research requirements 357
and sex reversal discussed 306-7
slow in S. galilaeus 10
somatic, stunting, and gametogenesis
336-40
synergistic effects in polyculture 188
and temperature 189
tilapias can switch from growth to
reproduction 109-10
Growth promoters 344-5
Guarders, short for nest-spawning
guarders 66
life history compared with bearers 70-1
biparental tilapias 68
Guarders and bearers, alternative life
history styles 68
and aquaculture 77-8
Guarding species, tilapia life histories
reviewed 66-8
see also Mouthbrooders, Substrate
spawners
Guarding the young, and feeding 43
by the female in mouthbrooders 48
Guilds, and ontogeny, 63-5
see also Reproductive guilds
Gymnarchus niloticus, will eat
tilapias 85
Gyrodactylus spp., infections and
mortalities of tilapia in
culture 250Habitat, diversity indicated 31
Haemoglobin, and low oxygen levels 40
Haiti, introductions 28
Hapas, cages used in Philippines for
culture 213-4
Haplorchis pumilio, digenean parasite of
tilapias 251
Harvesting, and young-of-the-year
culture 189
Hatchery work, at Edinburgh prison 328
Hatching, no general significance in
ontogeny 64
Heavy metals, in manured ponds 350
Helminth parasites 250-3
cestodes 252
Digenea 250-2
Monogenea 250
Hemichromis fasciatus, as a predator in
pond culture 202, 313
Hepsetus odoe, a predator on tilapias 95
Herbivorous diet, structural adaptations
3-4
Heterochrony, adaptive advantages 70
defined 64