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KENNETH MILLS (2005)SOUTH AMERICAN INDIANS: INDIANS OF
THE MODERN ANDES
The Quechua and Aymara Indians of the Andes mountains
are the largest group of Indians still existent in the New
World. Approximately 28 million Indians and mestizos (per-
sons of mixed Spanish and Indian descent) live along the Pa-
cific coast and in the Andean highlands. About one-fourth
of these Indians live and speak as they did before the Spanish
conquest in the sixteenth century. Six million speak Que-
chua and approximately 1 million speak Aymara. For the
purposes of this article, the religious systems of both the
Quechua and the Aymara will be treated together, and both
groups will be referred to, collectively, as “Andeans.”8614 SOUTH AMERICAN INDIANS: INDIANS OF THE MODERN ANDES