Organic Waste Recycling

Characteristics of organic wastes 45

2.14, which indicate relatively low N contents, similar to the characteristics of
tapioca and palm oil wastewaters (Tables 2.10 and 2.11).

Figure 2.6 Diagrammatic flow sheet of the process of raw sugar manufacture (adapted
from Meade and Chen 1977)

2.3.4 Brewing industry

The brewing process

The principal stages in brewing are mashing, boiling and fermentation with
subsequent packaging into bottles and casks followed by cooling, clarification
and pasteurization.

Sugar cane

Juice extraction

Clarification and

color removal

Sedimentation

Evaporation

Crystallization

Separation (Centrifugation)

Raw sugar

Blackstrap

molasses

Condenser water

Filter cake

(fertilizer)

Filtration

Spillage

Scums, leakage

and spillage

Cane wash

water

Condenser water

Water for

washing cane

Maceration

water

Steam for

heating

Steam

Steam