312 chapter seven
To counter any possibility of a misuse of power or influence of
the electing party over the elected ruler, Shah Wali-Allah hastens to
confirm important points which can be outlined as follows ( Jalboni,
1992, Baljon, 1992):
(1) The ruler, head of government, should be powerful enough to
compel all, including the heads of the community, to obey the
law and preempt insecurity and disorder. One would infer then
there is a process of setting up a set of regulations and orders
that constitute the law.
(2) The ruler should be a man of good character, brave and bold-
hearted; otherwise he would gain no respect from either his own
people or his enemies.
(3) Tolerance and leniency are further required characteristics.
(4) Skill in running the state administration efficiently is a must.
(5) He should be able to demonstrate nobility and readiness to help
his subjects and eagerness to work for the improvement of their
welfare.
(6) He should be able to win the love and respectability of his sub-
jects through his sincerity and hard work.
(7) Rewarding the subjects generously, but punishing offenders, is
expected from the ruler.
(8) He should not punish an accused until the offence is proven.
(9) He should be using positive incentives in encouraging good work
and irreproachable deeds of his assistants (government admin-
istration).
(10) Psychologically, the ruler should be able to understand the psy-
chology of his people and be able to foresee events before they
occur.
(11) The powerful ruler should be able to take up arms and fight
disruptive elements in society. These elements should be wiped out
of the society, as they as cancerous to the body of the community.
(12) With greed and ambition for accumulated materialistic posses-
sions conflict of interest arises among individuals and if this is
not overcome it will lead to chaos in society. It is the duty of
government to suppress the tendency towards the use of illegal
means to achieve these objectives and to exercise justice in set-
tling the disputes among members of society in a just and fair
manner. To be able to establish justice, the government ought