Mayi] SOCIETYOK BIBLICAL ARCHEOLOGY. [1894.mythor myths about Tammuz-Adonis. WhatI wish nowto point
out is the original identityof the god withthe wild boarthat slays
himin the developed legendas in Shakespeare's VenusandAdonis.
The name of Tammuz, or rather Dumuzi, Domiizi, (»-»-|)
fcjjJE HfT^",meansneither "Sonof Life," Sprossling des Lebens,
as was at first supposedby Prof. F. Delitzsch, andas Prof. Sayce
everywhere assumes; nor " wahres, echtes Kind," as Delitzsch
asserts in a note to Lotz's " Tiglathpileser" (p. 173, n. 2), and
Zimmernechoes(" Busspsalmen,"p. 26). Thewordsurvivesalmost
unchangedin the Turkish \ycA> domuz,•.£*& donguz,a "hog, a
pig." (Thevariationof sound is exactly parallelto that exemplified
by the Accadian dimmer,dingir,god.)
In Accadian Dumuziis evidently compoundedof two elements:
(1) diimu, which might also have been pronounced dimu (cp.
2 R. 36, 57 cd. : damu = man/, son == dumu), or rather the two
spellings maysimply be divergent attempts to suggest a sound
whichhoveredor fluctuated betweenthe two ; and (2) zi, zig, or zud.
The passage 4 R. 28, 49a cited by Delitzsch is not conclusive
for zud, becauseg^ff da may there be a particle marking the
relation of the genitive (see Trans. IX, Congress Orient. II,
p. 726 sq.). Buthelpmaybe forthcoming fromanothersource.
TheChinesepresentsus with a series of terms for pig in which
both elements of the Accadian D&mu-zi (d, g) are evidently
preserved. As regards the second element thereis a fluctuation
betweenthe final t, k, such as we often observein both languages.
Thuswe have ^X<A ancientlypronouncedtot, dot, or tok, dok,
nowtii, tsu, chu, tsi, cho, in the various dialects(seemy friend Dr.
Edkins' Introduction to the Study of the Chinese Characters,and
Dr. H. A. Giles' new Dictionary, s.v.). Thisgeneral term foi
swine answersto dug or du, a sound presupposed by the zi, zu
(d, g), of Domu- zi. Butan Accadian initialz implies alsoa pro
nunciationz, 5, as in zi, shi, napiHu, life. We find thistoo repre
sentedin the case beforeus ; in Accadian by the term ^^ytyyTi
sha&, shi6, with its by-form t^S\ •^'"flff SI^, defined by the
Assyrianloanword Sahu, "wild swine"(Jensen); in Chinese by
*' shik,shi, Japanese shi, pig.TheAccadiandam-sha6,dim-sha6,dabu(2 R. 6, 19, 20c), com
198