How to Write Better Essays

Index 283

substitute for evaluation, 195

suspending judgement, 177–81

too much, 195, 197–8, 225–8

see alsoevidence

ordering ideas, 142, 152–9

organisation, 77

notes,seenotes

retrieval system, seeretrieval

system

time,seetime; timetable

paragraphs

development, 192–5, 264

evidence, 195–6, 264–5

and introductions, 187–8

see alsointroductions

length, 188–9

linking,seelogical indicators;

topic sentences; transitions

a simple formula, 188–96

passive voice, seeactive voice

pattern notes, 94–5, 145–6

advantages, 52– 4

examples of, 19, 34, 46–9, 115–

16

more creative work, 52– 4

see alsocreativity

patterns of study

developing the right abilities,

61–5

integrating new skills, x, 69

need to change, 51, 59–60, 62–3,

66–71, 118, 124–31

see alsoflexibility

plagiarism

avoiding, 2, 44, 67–9, 105, 108–9,

122–3, 193, 234–9

causes, 234, 237–8

definition, 233

recycling opinion, 67–9, 233– 4

six-point code, 236–7

planning

for examinations, 142, 160–7

in examinations, 160–1, 168–70

how to, 143–59

importance of, 141–5

rehearsing the arguments, 141–2,

145–50, 158–9

strengthens weaker points, 144

for taut, cohesive essays, 183–5,

187–92, 263–6

see alsointroductions; logical

indicators; topic sentences;

transitions

processing, seelearning

project box, 123

punctuation

creating rhythms of speech,

205–8, 214

questions

incomplete answers, 10–14,

145

interpreting, 7–8, 108–9, 182–3

see alsoanalysis; brainstorming

range of abilities, see

instructional verbs

structure, 7–8, 9–14, 16–17, 42

typical, 166–8

readability, 215–17, 225, 230,

268–72

reading

an aid to writing, 203

for analysis, 83–5, 94–100

authors hijacking your thinking,

43– 4

for comprehension, 84

for criticism, 84–5, 108–17

inefficient reading, 67, 78–82,

105–6, 108–9, 125–9, 133–5

previewing, 7, 43– 4, 108–9

purposefully, 75–6, 78–82

scanning, 51, 80–2

skimming, 80–2

slow, 67

readers

empathetic responses, 225, 230

losing their trust, 267

losing them, 9, 42– 4, 143– 4,

151–2, 160–1, 182– 4, 187–8,

205–8, 222– 4, 263–5, 269

thinking for themselves, 177, 201,

216, 230

see alsoevidence

referencing, 240–51

acknowledging uncited sources,

245–6

bibliographies and reference lists,

246–51

endnotes, 242

footnotes, 241–2

impressing the examiner, 68

in-text, 243–5

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