Environment and aquaculture in developing countries

Table 13. Cultured mollusc production in Asia and the Pacific in 1990. (Source: FA0 1992a).

Clams, Other

Oysters Mussels cockles molluscs Total

Country (t) (t) (t) (t) (t)

China 82,354 495,895 291,348 252,767 1,122,364

Hong Kong 805 0 0 0 805

India 3,000 3,000

Korea, D.P.R. 55,000 55,000

Korea, Rep. of 219,124 9,759 97,764 698 327,336

Malaysia 1,682 35,931 61 37,564

Pacific Islands 92 7 99

Philippines 13.485 17,616 31,000

Singapore 1,016 1.01 5

Taiwan 28.1 53 36,062 1,176 66,391

Thailand 1,400 56,050 12,000 69,450

Developing countries 345,413 581,823 473,095 312,692 1,713,029

Australia 7J71 929 8,100
Japan 248,793 1,500 192,042 442,335
New Zealand 2,100 30,000 KO 32,150
Developed countries 268,064 30,929 1,600 192,092 482,585

Asia-Pacific total 603,477 612,762 474,595 504,784 2,195,608

Rest of World 273,152 469,022 26,093 2,165 769,432

World total 876,629 1,081,774 499,688 506,949 2,965,040

Table 14. Molluec production per length of

coastline in Asia in 1990. (Source: FA0 1992~).

Mollusc

production

Countries/regions (t.krn-l)

China

Taiwan

Thailand

Korea, Rep. of

Japan

Malaysia

Singapore

New Zealand

Korea, D.P.R.

Hong Kong

Developing Asia-Pacific 8.0

Developed Asia-Pacific 8.8

Regional average 8.2

pearl farming is increasing in several
countries. Otherwise, the share of the
major species groups in the region is

distinctly different from the rest of the

world. In other regions mussels dominate;

their share in the total in 1990 was 61%,

and almost all ofthe rest came from oyster

species (36%). In the Asia-Pacific region,

there are four almost equally important

species groups: oysters (27.5%), mussels

(27.9%), clams, cockles and arkshells

(21.6%), and scallops (15.4%). Another

special feature is the very high proportion

of cultured molluscs in the total mollusc

production. In 1990, 64% of mollusc

landings (excluding squids, cuttlefishes

and octopuses, the culture of which is not

yet commercialized) came from

aquaculture, while in the rest of the world

this share was 36% (FA0 1992a, 199213).

In the case of some mollusc culture

methods, the line between stock

enhancement and aquaculture is

somewhat blurred. However, the