196 Chapter 8
Graphic symbols are often used on building plans to show elements such as gas and water service
lines and window types as well as to list drawing notes and identify finishes and revisions. The same
graphic can be used for more than one purpose. For example, the same symbol is used for every revi-
sion; it is the number within the graphic that carries specific information. Trade-specific symbols are in-
cluded for the electrical, HVAC, and plumbing trades.
One of the most important symbols to use right at the beginning of a new job is the directional sym-
bol. This symbol, which is usually an arrow labeled “N” for north, enables the reader of a construction
drawing to orient it. However, there are numerous variations of the “North” point symbol, depending on
the designer’s fancy (Figure 8.2). Whichever symbol is decided upon, a drawing is properly oriented
when it is held so that the north arrow shown on the drawing is pointing toward north. The drawing must
be properly oriented so the reader can relate the information on it to the surrounding area.Figure 8.1 A computer-generated section of a residential structure showing different elements with encircled
portions. These portions are detailed to a larger scale at another location within the set. Notice that the
highlighted portions do not necessarily have to be circles but can take on other shapes.