she changed her name to Dora Maar for professional
purposes (retaining The ́odora Markovitch legally).
Although she never married, she is known to have had
affairs with filmmaker Louis Chavance and writer
Georges Bataille before meeting artist Pablo Picasso.
Died in Paris on July 16, 1997 at age 89.Solo Exhibitions
1944 Bucher Gallery, Paris, France
1945 Rene ́Drouin Gallery, Paris, France
1946 Pierre Loeb, Paris, France
1957 Dora Maar: Paysages; Berggruen Gallery; Paris,
France
1958 Dora Maar; Leicester Galleries, London, England
1983 Dora Maar d’apr’es Dora Maar: Portraits Raisonne ́s
avee Chapeau: Antonio Saura; The Galerie; Paris, France
1990 Dora Maar: Oeuvres Anciennes; Galerie 1900–2000;
Paris, France
1995 Dora Maar: Fo ́tografia; Centre Cultural Bancaixa;
Valencia, Spain
Group Exhibitions
1936 Charles Rafton Gallery
1994 Picasso and the Weeping Women: The Years of Marie-
The ́resa Walter and Dora Maar; Los Angeles County
Museum of Art; Los Angeles, California and traveling
to Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
2001 About Faces; C & M Arts
Further Reading
Benhamou-Huet, Judith. ‘‘New Light on Picasso: Dora
Maar’s Secret Diary.’’Art Press240 (November 1998).
Caws, Mary Ann. ‘‘More than a Mistress & Muse: Known
Best as Picasso’s ‘weeping woman,’ Dora Maar was a
Talented Artist in Her Own Right.’’Art News99 (Octo-
ber 2000).
———.Picasso’s Weeping Woman: The Life and Art of
Dora Maar. Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 2000.
———.With or Without Picasso: A Biography. London:
Thames and Hudson, 2000.
Caws, Mary Ann and Christian-Martin Diebold.Les Vies
de Dora Maar. Bataille, Picasso et les Surre ́alistes. Paris:
Thames and Hudson, 2000.
Combalia, Victoria. ‘‘Dora Maar, Photographer.’’ Art
Press199 (February 1995).
———. ‘‘New Light on Dora Maar and Georges Bataille.’’
Art Press260 (September 2000).
Danto, Ginger. ‘‘Dora Maar: Galerie 1900.’’Art News 89
(November 1990).
Daix, Pierre. ‘‘De Pablo et Dora.’’Conaissance du Arts 553
(September 1998).
Hobson, Mary Daniel. ‘‘Explication: A Montage by Dora
Maar.’’History of Photography19 (Summer 1995).
Huntington, C. ‘‘For Dora Maar.’’ Virginia Quarterly
Review77 (Spring 2001).
Krauss, Rosalind E. ‘‘Claude Cahun and Dora Maar: By
Way of Introduction.’’ InBachelors. Cambridge, MA
and London, England: Massachusetts Institute of Tech-
nology, 1999.
L’Enfant, Julie. ‘‘Dora Maar and the Art of Mystery.’’
Woman’s Art Journal17 (Fall ‘96/Winter‘97).
Lord, James.Picasso and Dora: A Personal Memoir. New
York and London, 1993.
Tariant, Eric. ‘‘Dora Maar’s Legacy: Great Provenance,
Great Works.’’Art Newspaper10 (October 1998).MADAME D’ORA
Austrian
Dora Kallmus began her photographic career in
the early twentieth century documenting Vienna’s
cultural and court figures. She was born in Vienna
on February 20, 1881, to a distinguished Jewish
family; her father, Dr. Phillip Kallmus, was a
court lawyer. When she was just a young girl, her
mother died, leaving Kallmus and her sister Anna
to be raised by a grandmother and a governess.
Originally Kallmus had designs on a career as an
actress. Dissuaded by her family she subsequently
considered becoming a milliner or dressmaker, but
turned to photography instead. In 1906, she
expressed the desire to become a photographer
and open her own studio. Through her uncle’s
mediation, Kallmus received formal training in
photography. Early in 1907, she began a five-
month apprenticeship in a prominent studio in
Berlin where photographic techniques were consid-
ered more progressive than in Austria.
Leading society photographer Nicola Perscheid,
who operated studios in Berlin and Leipzig, was
persuaded by a hefty sum paid by Kallmus’ fatherMAAR, DORA