Board_Advisors_etc 3..5

for Social Research in 1948; associated with Magnum

Photos in 1951; became full member of Magnum in

1955; worked freelance and on assignment for maga-

zines; employed by LondonSunday Times, 1961–1971;

first major solo exhibition at the Brooklyn Museum,

1980; Lifetime Achievement Award from the American

Society of Magazine Photographers, 1980; Fellow of the

Royal Photographic Society, 1995; elected ‘‘Master

Photographer’’ by New York’s International Center of

Photography, 1995; recipient of the Kraszna-Krausz

Book Award for her autobiography In Retrospect,

1996; awarded Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science

from the University of St. Andrews, Scotland, 1997;

awarded Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from

Staffordshire University, 1997; awarded Honorary

Degree of Doctor of Humanities from American Inter-

national University in London, 1997; appointed member

of the Advisory Committee of the National Museum of

Photography, Film & Television, 1997. As of 2004

resides in England.

Individual Exhibitions

1980 Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn, New York
1991 In Britain; The National Portrait Gallery, London,
England
1995 In Retrospect; Barbican, London, England
1995 The National Portrait Galley, Edinburgh, Scotland
1996 The Gallery of Photography, Dublin, Ireland
1996 The Ikon Gallery, Birmingham, England
1997 Castelli Galleries, New York, New York
1997 International Center of Photography, New York, New
York

1997 Menil Museum, Houston, Texas

1997 The National Museum of Film, Photography, and

Television, Bradford, England

Selected Works

The Unretouched Woman, 1976

Flashback: The 50s, 1978

In China, 1980

In America, 1983

Portrait of a Film: The Making of White Nights, 1985

Marilyn For Ever, 1987

Marilyn Monroe: An Appreciation, 1987

Private View: Inside Baryshnikov’s American Ballet Theatre,

1988

All in a Day’s Work, 1989

The Great British, 1991

In Retrospect, 1995

Magna Brava: Magnum’s Women Photographers, 1999

Further Reading

Eve Arnold: Film Journal. Boomsbury Publishers, 2002.

Eve Arnold in Retrospect. New York: Alfred A. Knopf,

1995.

Brown, Sarah. ‘‘Eve Arnold.’’British Journal of Photogra-

phy(5 January 2000).

Magnum Photos. ‘‘Eve Arnold.’’ http://www.magnumpho

tos.com/portfolio/are/arebio.html (Accessed July 17,

2005).

ART INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO

Chicago in the late nineteenth century experienced
a burst of cultural and philanthropic activity as
new universities, libraries, theaters, and museums
appeared on the landscape. After a series of evo-
lutions under different names, the Art Institute
of Chicago was established on Michigan Avenue
in 1882. Within about twenty years, the Art Insti-
tute was the largest art museum in the country.
The museum presently encompasses 400,000
square feet and includes a theater and film center.
Home to more than 300,000 works of art in
10 curatorial departments, the museum owns mas-
terpieces by Pablo Picasso, Henri de Toulouse-
Lautrec, Georges Seurat, Claude Monet, and
Constantin Brancusi.

The School of the Art Institute, founded by a

small group of artists in 1866, predates the museum

and is presently the largest art school in the coun-

try. Another Chicago art school, the Association of

Arts and Industries, was established in 1922 to

compete with European product design. The Asso-

ciation had hoped to establish a school with a focus

on design after attempts to join the School of the

Art Institute were unsuccessful. In 1937 the Asso-

ciation invited La ́szlo ́ Moholy-Nagy to head the

new design school. The New Bauhaus: American

School of Design was reformed and renamed as the

Institute of Design and eventually became part of

the Illinois Institute of Technology. In 1950 the

Institute of Design became the first American art

ART INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO