Selected Group Exhibitions
1972 Butlins by the Sea; Impressions Gallery, York, United
Kingdom
1978 Personal Views 1860–1977; British Council Touring
Exhibition
1978 Art for Society; Whitechapel Art Gallery, London,
United Kingdom
1979 Three Perspectives on Photography; Hayward Gallery,
London, United Kingdom
1981 New Work in Britain; Photographers’ Gallery, Lon-
don, United Kingdom
1982 Strategies; Recent Developments in British Photogra-
phy; John Hansard Gallery, Southampton, United King-
dom
1985 Quelques Anglais; Centre national de la photographie,
Paris, France
1986 British Contemporary Photography; Photofest, Hous-
ton, Texas
1986 New Documents; Museum of Contemporary Photo-
graphy, Chicago, Illinois
1987 Attitudes to Ireland; Orchard Gallery, Derry, Northern
Ireland
1987 Mysterious Coincidences; Photographers’ Gallery, Lon-
don, United Kingdom
1987 Inscriptions and Inventions; British Council Touring
Exhibition
1988 ABritishView; Museum fu ̈r Gestaltung, Zurich, Swit-
zerland
1989 Through the Looking Glass, British Photography 1945–
1989 ; Barbican Centre, London, United Kingdom
1989 The Art of Photography; Royal Academy, London,
United Kingdom
1989 Foto Biennale; Enschede, Netherlands
1990 The Past and Present of Photography;MuseumofMod-
ern Art Tokyo, Japan
1991 British Photography from the Thatcher Years; Museum
of Modern Art, New York, New York
1993 Photographs from the Real World; Lillehammer Art
Museum, Lillehammer, Norway
1993 Sobre Santiago, Tres de Magnum; Santiago, Spain
1995 International Foto-Triennale; Esslingen, Germany
1997 Zurich; Kunsthaus, Zurich, Switzerland
1997 Trois Grandes Egyptiennes; Musee de la Photographie,
Charlleroi, Belgium
1998 No Sex Please; We’re British; Shisheido Department
Store, Tokyo, Japan
1999 Our Turning World: Magnum Photographers 1989–
1999 ; Barbican Centre, London, United KingdomSelected Works: Monographs
Bad Weather. London: Zwemmers, 1982
A Fair Day. Wallasey: Promenade Press, 1984
The Last Resort. Wallasey: Promenade Press, 1986
The Cost of Living. Manchester: Cornerhouse, 1989
Sign of the Times. Manchester: Cornerhouse, 1992
Home and Abroad. London, Jonathan Cape, 1993
From A to B. London, BBC Books, 1994
Small World. Stockport, Dewi Lewis, 1995
West Bay. London, Rocket Press, 1997
The Last Resort. Stockport, Dewi Lewis, 1998. (Reprint of
1986 Publication)
Flowers. London, Browns and Trebruk, 1999
Common Sense. Stockport: Dewi Lewis, 1999
Boring Postcards. London: Phaidon Press, 1999
Autoportrait. Stockport: Dewi Lewis, 2000
Think of England. London: Phaidon Press, 2000
Boring Postcards USA. London: Phaidon Press, 2000
Langweilege Postkarten. London: Phaidon Press, 2001Further Reading
Miller, Russell.Magnum. London: Secker & Warburg, 1997.
Taylor, John.A Dream of England: Landscape, Photography
and the Tourists’ Imagination. Manchester: Manchester
University Press, 1994.IRVING PENN
American
One of the most recognizable photographers of the
twentieth century, Irving Penn has created a wide
ranging but cohesive body of work, with his gift for
transforming everything from trash on the street to
food to haute couture into aesthetic statements that
are elegant but straightforward, honest, and direct.
His ability to use light, shadow, and space to pro-
duce still-lifes and portraits that are both evocative
and provocative is masterful.
Born on June 16, 1917 in Plainfield, New Jersey,
Penn’s design sense was fostered by study with Alexey
Brodovitch at the Philadelphia Museum School of
Industrial Art from 1934 to 1938. Penn’s strong gra-
phic sensibilities, which he began to develop as a young
student, were to serve him throughout his career. Bro-
dovitch recognized Penn’s talents and invited him toPARR, MARTIN