176; contributions of, 150–154, 162–163,
207; learning curve and, 206; power of
the State and, 204
Ecosystems, 5, 8, 35, 44, 131, 133
Enemy, definition of, 207, 278n64
Enlightenment, 227
Environment, genetics and, 29
Epistemology, political, 3, 110, 132, 231;
anthropocentrism and, 87–88; Consti-
tution and, 14, 18–19; multiplicity and,
30; nature and, 28; ontology and, 12;
Science and, 10, 11, 13; separation of
powers and, 91; social representations
of nature and, 33; sociology and, 17;
work of collection and, 47
Essences, 86, 87, 104, 108, 167; diplomacy
and, 213, 215; fixed boundaries of, 139;
habits transformed into, 140; “mad
cow disease” and, 114; negotiation and,
177; propositions as, 175
Ethnocentrism, 32, 45, 220
Exoticism, 45–46, 54
Experimentation, collective, 196–200
Expertise, 14, 63, 267n14
Externality (exteriority), 79, 90, 110, 121–
127, 152; of nature, 91; nonhumans and,
38
Fabrication, process of, 96, 117
Fact, matters of, 30, 31, 62, 114, 128; con-
tradictory requirements in, 103–105,
109;cosmosand, 223; definition of
facts, 125; differences and, 174; disad-
vantages of concept of fact, 95–102;
externality and, 79; fact-value distinc-
tion, 118–119, 121, 126, 134, 233; ideol-
ogy and, 99; salvation from, 125;
speech and, 65, 67
Feminism, 33, 48–49, 260n58
Frankenstein myth, 193, 194, 199
Freedom, 79, 189; articulated collective
and, 86; economics and, 132; necessity
and, 74, 80, 82, 147, 156, 159
Freud, Sigmund, 87, 88
Gaia hypothesis, 5, 199, 280n15
Galileo Galilei, 55–56, 58, 88, 261n4
Genetics, 29
Globalization, 58, 219, 220
Global thinking, 3
Global warming, 63, 129, 278nn61–62
Good sense, 7, 182–183, 222
Gravity, law of, 51
Greeks, ancient, 28, 32, 58, 71
“Green” movements, 1, 19, 26, 226Habermas, Jürgen, 171, 262n16, 263n21,
266n6, 281n22
Habits, 86, 87, 139, 175, 194, 213
Hegel, G. W. F., 207, 263n23, 283n36,
284n41
Hierarchy, 22, 90; economists and, 151;
end of nature and, 25; experimentation
and, 197; lower house of the collective
and, 203; moralists and, 155, 158–159;
politicians and, 146; publicity and, 111,
113, 162, 181; scientists and, 139, 142;
totalization and, 29; values and, 97,
107, 109, 121
Historians, 32, 95, 164
History, 32, 33–34, 55, 99, 166; joint his-
tory of society and nature, 35; mistrust
of, 195; political ecology and, 190; Sci-
ence and, 219
Hobbes, Thomas, 53, 218, 271n7
Humanism, 198, 272n12
Human-nonhuman associations, 70–82,
94, 136, 143; economists and, 151, 153;
social actors and, 232
Humans: defended against
objectivization, 171; distinguished
from subjects, 51; as excluded entities,
126; fact-value distinction and, 123;
freedom and, 79, 81; humiliation of,
129Idealism, 33, 40
Ideology, 99, 119, 142
Immediacy, pure, 27, 257n30
Inanimism, 156, 224
Institution, 108, 109, 267n12; causalities
and, 118; economists and, 151; lower
house of the collective and, 203; mor-
alists and, 155; requirement of closure
and, 111, 114, 162, 181; researchers’
skills and, 139; scientists and, 142INDEX
303