147, 153, 207, 214, 219, 315
John, king of France 227, 240, 255, 271,
278, 284
John the Fearless, duke of Burgundy 281–2
John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster 266
John of Paris 262
Joigny, count of 162
judgement:
of God 25, 33, 76, 130, 136
by peers 139, 163
see alsotrial
judges (judices) 22–4, 36, 93, 97, 99–101,
104–5, 116
counts as first quasi-professional 19
-delegate of papal court 120, 138
see also courts; justices
juges de paix 244
jurats (jurati) of towns 57–8, 60, 64, 105,
151
juries, jurors 33, 80, 121, 124–5, 130, 134,
136–7, 153, 156, 179, 188, 222, 224,
247, 301
corruption of 248
presenting or ‘grand’ 128, 134, 136,
154–6, 189, 242, 245
see also trial; witnesses
jurisdiction 50, 57, 61–4
see alsoban; courts
jurisprudence 139
justice:
basse,moyen, and haute52–9, 63, 125,
162, 241
as the cement of the realm 289–90
letters of 166
justices, royal 36, 113, 120, 126, 133, 138,
150, 171–2, 177, 180, 182, 188
of assize 245, 247
ecclesiastical 133
in eyre 119, 173
local 101, 124, 185
of oyer and terminer 182–5, 189, 244
of the peace 185, 226, 244–5, 249, 316
of trailbaston 184–5, 189, 244–5, 248
see also baillis;commissaries; courts; eyre;
justiciars; seneschals
justiciars:
of counties 133–4
of England 158–9
imperial 97, 100
of king of England 122, 133, 136, 138,
141–2, 173
Justinian, emperor, Corpus Iuris Civilis of
8, 84
Justus Lipsius 323–4
keepers of the peace (custodes pacis) 101,
184–5, 189
Kenilworth, Dictum of 174
Kenneth MacAlpine, king of Scots 192
Kent:
complaint against the sheriff of 180
eyre in 184
Kentish laws 23
king:
complaints against 157
dignity of 146
in English law 145–6
in feudal society 64–71
in French body politic 271–8
liberties of 155
as lord paramount 64, 140, 162
mystical body of 281
in parliament 306–7, 312
public office of 272, 274
rights, customs and prerogatives of 119,
140, 144, 182, 268–71
role in justice 123
see also courts; council; crown; estate;
households; peace; royal; state
king’s:
bench (coram rege), court of 138–9, 145,
170, 172–3, 175, 182, 184, 245, 247,
257, 265
pleas, see crimes
kinsmen 10, 13, 22, 32, 59, 100, 198, 240
Kleinstaatereivi, 107
Knighton, Henry, chronicler 267
knights and squires 46, 49, 60–1, 67, 71,
76, 84, 92, 101, 107–8, 119, 122–4,
136, 159, 162–4, 173, 204–5, 222–4,
229, 231, 237, 278, 280–1, 307
knights of the shire in parliament 174,
176, 185
Knox, John 313, 328
Kreisefor peace-keeping 107
labourers 227, 249
ordinance and statute of 227, 236, 250
La Charité, prior of 63
Lacy, Hugh de 145
Lambarde, William 333
Lancaster, Thomas earl of 177, 298
land:
books, grants 14–15, 43, 201
disputes 28
law 14, 26, 131–2, 201
market 223, 233
rights 17, 19, 36, 92
see alsofeudalism; inheritance; tenure
Landfriedenvi, 82, 87–104, 107, 128–9,
206, 222
Landgrave 102
Landrichter101–2
landlords, estate of 226Index 379