Infectious Diseases in Critical Care Medicine

[Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)
antimicrobial treatment]
etiologic microorganism, treatment based on,
191–193
monotherapyvs.combination therapy, 195
treatment failure, causes of, 196
defined, 178
diagnosis of, 187, 191
CPIS score and, 187
etiologic, 188
gram stain technique, 188–189
patient response assessment and, 190
preemptive rapid cultures, 189–190
quantitative cultures, 188, 189
surveillance, value of, 190
epidemiology, 178–179
microbiology, 180–182
multidrug-resistant (MDR)–related rates
of, 180
pathogenesis of, 179–180
prevention, 182–186
risk factors, 182
Ventriculo-atrial (VA) shunts, 504
Veridans streptococci, 36, 179
in SBE, 36, 179
MVP, 218
VHF.SeeViral hemorrhagic fever (VHF)
Vibrios, 346
Vibrio vulnificus, 19, 38–39, 299, 300, 302
diagnosis of, 39
mortality rate in, 39
skin lesions with, 39
Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF), 332, 335,
475–476
Viral infections
burn wound infections and, 369
infections, in SOT recipients, 395–397
VISA (vancomycin intermediate susceptible
S. aureus), 110, 312, 507

V/Q scan.SeeVentilation/perfusion (V/Q) scan

VRE.SeeVancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)

VRSA.SeeVancomycin-resistantS. aureus

VRSA)

VSE.SeeVancomycin-sensitive enterococci (VSE);

Vancomycinsusceptible enterococci

(VSE)

VZV.SeeVaricella zoster virus (VZV)

Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome, 351

Wegener’s granulomatosis, 73

Weil’s syndrome.SeeLeptospirosis (Weil’s

syndrome)

West Nile encephalitis (WNE), 147

West Nile virus (WNV), 32–33, 155, 160, 401

Wheezing, physical findings

diagnostic features, 57

noninfectious mimics, 57

WHO.SeeWorld Health Organization (WHO)

WNE.SeeWest Nile encephalitis (WNE)

WNV.SeeWest Nile virus (WNV)

World Health Organization (WHO), 325

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGPN), 76

XDR TB.SeeExtensive drug-resistant (XDR) TB

X rays

chest, 51, 138, 156, 187, 395, 396, 424, 427, 439,

474, 476, 515

Yellow fever (YF) Virus, 331

Yersinia enterocolitica, 330

Zoonosis, 160

Zoster.SeeHerpes zoster (VZV)

Index 581