INDEX 859Digital computers, 255, 270, 317
Digital control systems, 805–14
adaptive control, 813
analysis of, 814
black diagram, 807
components, 806
examples, 807–11
microprocessor control, 811–13
process control, 815–16
Digital demodulator, 628
Digital meters, 49
Digital modulator, 628
Digital process control, 815–16
Digital signal, 268
Digital signal formatting, 715–16
Digital system components, 295–96
analog-to-digital (A/D)
converters, 308–11
counters, 298–306
decoders, 296, 297
digital-to-analog (D/A)
converters, 306–8
display devices, 313–16
encoders, 296, 298
memory, 311–13
multiplexers, 296, 299
registers, 296–98
Digital systems, 268, 270, 625, 628
Digital voltmeter (DVM), 269
Digital-to-analog (D/A) converters,
306–8, 629
Dimmer switch, 269
Diode-transistor logic.SeeDTL
Diodes, 340–41
Boltzmann diode equation, 342
breakpoint analysis, 355–57
diode circuits, 345–53
forward-biased diode, 349–50
LED, 313
pn-junction under bias, 341–45
rectifier circuits, 357–58
semiconductors as, 340–58
usage, 345
varactor diode, 694
Zener diodes, 353–55
DIP.SeeDual-in-line package
Dipole antennas, 677
Direct-current machines.Seedc
machines
Direct-on-line starting, 575
Directors, 683
Discrete signals, 625
Discrete-component technology,
integrated circuits, 378
Discrete-data systems, 805–14
Discrete-state circuits, 268
Discrete-state systems, 223
Disk drive control system, 808
Displacement factor (DF), 760
Display devices, 313–15
Distinct poles, 145
Distortion, 629, 638–39
Distributed topology, 322, 323
Divide-by-2n counter, 299
Dominant mode, 672
Don’t-care output, 289
Doping, 340
Dot convention, inductors, 34–35
Double-sideband modulation
(DSB), 641
Double-sideband suppressed-carrier
(DSB SC AM), 689, 692
Double-sided/double-density
(DS/DD) floppy disks, 313
Double-sided/quad-density
(DS/QD) floppy disks, 313
Doubly excited system, 527
Down-counter, 299
DPSK.SeeDifferential phase-shift
keying
Drain breakdown voltage, 372
Drain-source saturation current,
368, 370
Drift current, 341
DS/DD floppy disks.SeeDouble-
sided/double-density floppy
disks
DS/QD floppy disks.SeeDouble-
sided/quad-density floppy
disks
DSB.SeeDouble-sideband
modulation
DSB SC AM.SeeDouble-sideband
suppressed-carrier
DTL, 427
DTL gate, 428–30
Dual-band digital phone, 709
Dual-in-line package (DIP), 379
Dual-ramp (dual-slope) A/D
converter, 310–11
Duality, 30, 31
DVM.SeeDigital voltmeter
Dynamic resistance, 344
Dynamic response, of control
systems, 788–90E
Early effect, 361
Early voltage, 361
ECL, 427, 436
Eddy-current loss, 472, 473–74
EEPROM (electrically erasable
programmable ROM), 312
Effective aperture, antenna, 678
Effective area, antenna, 678
Effective input noise temperature,
683
Efficiency:
synchronous generator, 587
transformers, 486
Electric charge.SeeCharge
Electric circuits, 3–4, 16
analogy between electrical and
nonelectric systems, 50–52
analysis.SeeCircuit analysisapplication, 53–54
concepts, 3–53
electrical quantities, 4–16
Kirchhoff’s laws, 39–47
lumped-circuit elements, 16–39
measurements, 47–50
meters, 47–50
residential wiring, 212–15,
461–62
three-phase circuits, 198–212
Electric current, physiological
effects of, 214, 216–17
Electric field intensity, 4–5, 8
Electric potential, 10–11
Electric power.SeePower
Electric shocks, 216
Electric signals.SeeSignals
Electrical appliances, grounding,
213
Electrical engineering:
control systems, 747–816
electric circuits
analysis.SeeCircuit analysis
concepts, 3–53
residential wiring, 212–15,
461–62
three-phase circuits, 198–212
electrical measurements.See
Electrical measurements
electronic systems, 223
amplifiers, 224–48
analog building blocks, 224–58
computer networks, 320–25
computer systems, 316–20
digital building blocks, 271–95
digital circuits, 268, 422–39
digital system components,
295–316
semiconductor devices, 339–80
transistor amplifiers, 393–415
energy systems
ac power, 112–21, 451–68
electromechanics, 505–42
magnetic circuits, 475–79
magnetic materials, 472–75
rotating machines, 553–612
transformers, 479–95
history of, xxiii–xxiv
information systems
communication systems,
666–732
signal processing, 625–59
Electrical measurements:
ammeter, 48
analog meters, 49
digital meters, 49
instrument transformers, 48–49
multimeters, 48
ohmmeters, 48
oscilloscope, 49
sensors, 541–42
voltmeter, 47–48, 269
wattmeter, 208