Section 11 - Interactive problem: intercept the orbiting satellite
11.1 Use the information given in the interactive problem in this section to calculate the speed required to enter the circular orbit
and destroy the rogue satellite. Test your answer using the simulation.
m/sSection 12 - Interactive problem: dock with an orbiting space station
12.1 Use the simulation in the interactive problem in this section to answer the following questions. (a) What happens to the speed
of the rocket immediately after firing its rear (Forward thrust) engine? (b) What happens to its speed after a few moments?
(a) i. It increases
ii. It decreases
iii. It stays the same
(b) i. It increases
ii. It decreases
iii. It stays the sameSection 14 - More on ellipses and orbits
14.1 A comet's orbit has a perihelion distance of 0.350 AU and an aphelion distance of 45.0 AU. What is the semimajor axis of the
comet's orbit around the sun?
AU
14.2 The semimajor axis of a comet's orbit is 21.0 AU and the distance between the Sun and the center of the comet's elliptical
orbit is 20.1 AU. What is the eccentricity of the orbit?14.3 When a planet orbits a star other than the Sun, we use the general terms periapsis and apoapsis, rather than perihelion and
aphelion. The orbit of a planet has a periapsis distance of 0.950 AU and an apoapsis distance of 1.05 AU. (a) What is the
semimajor axis of the planet's orbit? (b) What is the eccentricity of the orbit?
(a) AU
(b)
14.4 The text states that the eccentricity of an elliptical orbit is equal to the distance from the ellipse's center to a focus, divided by
the semimajor axis. Show that eccentricity is also equal to the positive difference in the perihelion and aphelion distances,
divided by their sum.14.5 An extrasolar planet's orbit has a semimajor axis of 23.1 AU. The eccentricity of the orbit is 0.010. What is the periapsis
distance (the planet's minimum distance from the star it is orbiting)?
AU
14.6 The Trans-Neptunian object Sedna was discovered in 2003. By mid-2004, Sedna's orbit was estimated to have a semimajor
axis of 480 AU and an eccentricity of 0.84. (a) What is the perihelion distance of Sedna's orbit? (b) What is the aphelion
distance?(a) AU
(b) AUSection 16 - Kepler’s third law
16.1 Jupiter's semimajor axis is 7.78×10^11 m. The mass of the Sun is 1.99×10^30 kg. (a) What is the period of Jupiter's orbit in
seconds? (b) What is the period in Earth years? Assume that one Earth year is exactly 365 days, with 24 hours in each day.
(a) s
(b) years
16.2 Mars orbits the Sun in about 5.94×10^7 seconds (1.88 Earth years). (a) What is its semimajor axis in meters? (The mass of the
Sun is 1.99×10^30 kg.) (b) What is Mars' semimajor axis in AU? 1 AU = 1.50×10^11 m.
(a) m
(b) AU
16.3 A planet orbits a star with mass 2.61e+30 kg. The semimajor axis of the planet's orbit is 2.94×10^12 m. What is the period of
the planet's orbit in seconds?
s(^244) Copyright 2007 Kinetic Books Co. Chapter 12 Problems